Anatomy Questions for HESI entrance exam
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| show | Sagittal
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| show | Coronal
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| A cut through the middle of the body; cuts body into superior and inferior portions. | show 🗑
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| show | dorsal
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| This body cavity includes the orbits & the nasal, oral, thoracic & abdominopelvic cavities. | show 🗑
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| Study of tissues | show 🗑
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| show | Tissue
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| show | epithelial, connective, muscle & nerve
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| Tissue that covers, lines & protects the body and its internal organs | show 🗑
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| show | connective tissue
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| Tissue composed of neurons & connective tissue cells that are called neuralgia | show 🗑
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| show | muscle tissue
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| voluntary muscle tissue | show 🗑
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| show | smooth muscle & cardiac muscle tissue
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| show | cell
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| show | proteins
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| Where does meiosis take place? | show 🗑
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| show | Epithelial
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| show | cartilage
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| ______ is mainly found in joints, thorax & various rigid tubules. | show 🗑
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| show | skin
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| Layer of skin that rests on the subcu. tissue that connects the skin to superficial muscles. | show 🗑
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| Name the layers of the epidermis from the outer layer to the inner layer: | show 🗑
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| Layer of epidermis where mitosis occurs | show 🗑
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| show | melanin
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| show | dermis
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| Two types of sweat glands | show 🗑
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| show | eccrine
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| Sweat glands that are mainly in the groin and armpits and contain bits of cytoplasm in the secretion | show 🗑
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| The ______ skeleton is make up of the pelvic girdle (os coxae) & the lower extremity. | show 🗑
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| List the bones of the os coxae | show 🗑
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| Muscle contraction results from the sliding together of what 2 filaments within the muscle cell or fiber? | show 🗑
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| show | sarcomeres
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| show | ATP & calcium
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| Skeletal muscle = ______ muscle | show 🗑
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| Muscles that work in coordination with primary movers. | show 🗑
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| show | flexors
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| Muscles that increase the angle at the joint. | show 🗑
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| show | nervous
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| show | cell body, dendrite, axon
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| ______ of a neuron transmit impulse toward the body of the cell. | show 🗑
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| show | axon
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| show | CNS & PNS
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| show | PNS
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| 2 divisions of the PNS | show 🗑
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| show | sensory (afferent) neurons
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| show | motor (efferent) neurons
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| show | cerebrum, cerebellum, medulla oblongata
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| Part of the brain associated with movement & sensory input | show 🗑
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| Part of the brain responsible for muscular coordination | show 🗑
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| Part of the brain that controls many vital functions such as respiration & heart rate | show 🗑
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| show | 18 inches
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| show | foramen magnum (base of the skull), L1 or L2
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| There are ______ pairs of spinal nerves that exit the spinal cord. | show 🗑
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| The reflexes in which nerve impulses travel through the spinal cord only & don't reach the brain. | show 🗑
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| show | sensory
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| The impulses that leave through the ventral horns of the spinal cord | show 🗑
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| The system that assists the nervous system with homeostasis | show 🗑
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| show | endocrine system
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| show | hypothalamus
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| Chemical messengers that control growth, differentiation & metabolism of specific target cells. | show 🗑
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| 2 major groups of hormones | show 🗑
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| show | Steroid hormones
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| The hormones that remain at cell surface and act through a second messenger AMP | show 🗑
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| Hormones affect cell activity by altering the rate of __________. | show 🗑
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| The cortisol released from the adrenal cortex reduces ______, raises ______ and inhibits release of _______. | show 🗑
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| The master gland | show 🗑
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| show | infundibulum
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| 2 major portion of the pituitary gland | show 🗑
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| Hormones of the adenohypophysis | show 🗑
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| STH, GH, ACTH, THS, FSH, LH are all hormones of _________. | show 🗑
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| show | posterior lobe (neurohypophysis)
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| Whole blood: ______ whole blood & ______ formed parts. | show 🗑
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| show | erythrocytes, leukocytes & platelets
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| show | size, nucleus, staining properties, & presence/absence of visual cytoplasmic granules
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| show | phagocytosis & antibody formation
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| show | platelets
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| Blood serves to transport _____ & _____ to body cells and to carry away ______ & ______. | show 🗑
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| ______ contains 10% proteins, ions, nutrients, waste products & hormones. | show 🗑
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| Double pump organ | show 🗑
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| show | oxygenation; systemic circuit
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| Where blood is received | show 🗑
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| show | ventricles
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| Valve on the right side of the heart | show 🗑
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| Valve on the left side of the heart | show 🗑
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| _______ valves are found at the entrances of the pulmonary trunk & aorta. | show 🗑
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| Blood is supplied to the myocardium (heart muscle) by the ______. | show 🗑
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| show | coronary sinus
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| The hears intrinsic beat is initiated by the ______. | show 🗑
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| Device that measures the hearts wave of electrical activity | show 🗑
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| show | cardiac cycle
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| The contraction phase of ventricular cycle | show 🗑
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| show | diastole
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| show | arteries
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| carry blood toward the heart | show 🗑
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| Microscopic vessels through which exchanges take place between the blood & cells of the body | show 🗑
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| The systemic arteries begin with the ______, which sends branches to all parts of the body. | show 🗑
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| show | arterioles
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| show | thinner
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| The large veins that empty into the right atrium of the heart. | show 🗑
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| show | arteries
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| show | smooth muscle
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| Vasoconstriction & vasodilation influence _____ & blood distribution to ________. | show 🗑
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| show | veins
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| show | Pressure of skeletal muscle on veins; expansion of the chest during inhalation; valves in veins of legs that keep blood moving in a forward direction
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| Nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs, diaphragm, muscles around the ribs & alveoli are all components of the ________ system. | show 🗑
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| What part of the brain controls respiration? | show 🗑
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| The exchange of gases between the atmosphere and blood through alveoli. | show 🗑
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| The exchange of gasses between blood and body cells. | show 🗑
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| _______ passage ways of the nasal cavity serves to warm, filter and moisten incoming air. | show 🗑
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| show | cilia
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| The contraction of the diaphragm to enlarge the chest cavity & draw air into the lungs. | show 🗑
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| show | exhalation
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| show | odor
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| show | Sebaceous gland
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| show | holocrine
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| Bones are classified by ______. | show 🗑
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| What kind of bone has an irregular epiphysis at each end, composed mainly of spongy bone & a shaft (diaphysis) composed of compact bone | show 🗑
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| show | osteoblasts
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| Axial skeleton consists of ______ bones of the skull. | show 🗑
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| The bones of the axial skeleton are categorized as ______. | show 🗑
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| List the 14 facial bones | show 🗑
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| 14 bones of the cranium | show 🗑
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| show | 33
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| # of cervical vertebrae | show 🗑
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| show | 12
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| show | 5
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| # of sacral vertebrae | show 🗑
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| Another name for coccygeal bone | show 🗑
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| show | appendicular skeleton
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| show | upper appendicular skeleton
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| Most of the oxygen carried in the blood is bound to _________ in RBC's. | show 🗑
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| show | CO2
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| The digestive tube | show 🗑
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| show | alimentary canal/digestive tract
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| show | liver, pancreas, gallbladder
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| show | mastication
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| show | saliva
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| Enzyme in saliva that starts digestion of complex carbohydrates | show 🗑
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| show | bolus
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| show | esophagus
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| 4 main layers of the digestive tract (inner to outer) | show 🗑
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| After food enters the stomach, gastric glands secrete ________ that breaks down food. | show 🗑
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| The stomach churns & mixes the bolus, turning it into a soupy substance called ______. | show 🗑
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| show | small intestine
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| show | small intestine
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| Digestion in the small intestine is acted on by enzymes from _______ & ______ and by bile from the ______. | show 🗑
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| The ________ contributes water to dilute chyme & bicarbonate ions to neutralize the acid from the stomach. | show 🗑
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| Regions of the small intestine | show 🗑
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| Nutrients are absorbed through the wall of the __________. | show 🗑
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| The amino acids & simple sugars derived from proteins & carbohydrates are absorbed directly into ________. | show 🗑
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| Most fats are absorbed into the lymph by the ________. | show 🗑
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| After fats are absorbed & added to the blood stream, all nutrients enter the ________ to be routed to the _______ for decontamination. | show 🗑
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| small finger-like projections that greatly increase surface area of the intestinal wall | show 🗑
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| show | large intestine
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| show | intestinal flora
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| Portions of the large intestine | show 🗑
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| opening for defecating | show 🗑
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| show | 2 ureters, 2 kidneys, urethra, and urinary bladder
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| The tubes that transport urine to the urinary bladder | show 🗑
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| The place where urine is stored | show 🗑
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| How urine exits the body | show 🗑
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| show | nephrons
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| Nephrons are small coiled tubules that filter waste material out of the blood brought to the kidney by the ________. | show 🗑
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| show | glomerulus
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| show | blood pressure
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| show | diffusion
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| show | tubules
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| show | urine
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| 2 functions of the reproductive system | show 🗑
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| Functions of the sex organs are under control by ______ hormones. | show 🗑
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| show | cyclic; continuous
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| What are gamates formed by? | show 🗑
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| show | seminiferous tubules of each testis
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| The interstitial cells between the seminiferous tubules, produce _________. | show 🗑
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| Hormone that influences sperm cell development and produces body hair and deep voice. | show 🗑
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| show | epididymis
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| show | vas deferens, ejaculatory duct, urethra
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| show | seminal vesicles, prostate gland, cowpers gland
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| show | FSH & LH
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| Hormone that stimulates sperm production | show 🗑
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| show | LH
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| show | estrogen
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| show | 14; pituitary; corpus luteum
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| show | progesterone
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| After ovulation, the egg is swept into the __________. | show 🗑
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| show | oviduct
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| Name for a fertilized egg | show 🗑
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| In the uterus, the developing embryo is nourished by the ______, which is formed by materials and embryonic tissues. | show 🗑
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| Cavity composed of the abdomen & pelvis | show 🗑
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| Movement of nutrients from the digestive tube into the bloodstream. | show 🗑
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| Protein making up the I band of the sarcomere | show 🗑
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| Building block of proteins | show 🗑
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| show | antibody
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| Adenosine triphosphate, which is the energy of the cell | show 🗑
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| Upper chambers of the heart | show 🗑
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| Product of the liver that emulsifies fat | show 🗑
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| show | cartilage
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| show | Ceruminous gland
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| show | chromosomes
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| show | CNS
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| Imaginary line passing through the body from head to toe that divides the body into front & back portions | show 🗑
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| show | cranial cavity
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| Dome-shaped breathing muscle that separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities. | show 🗑
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| Movement of materials from high concentration to lower concentration | show 🗑
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| The mechanical and chemical breakdown of food | show 🗑
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| show | dorsal horn
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| show | embryo
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| show | endometrium
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| show | enzymes
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| A passage in the skull bone through which the spinal cord enters the spinal column | show 🗑
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| The blood cells | show 🗑
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| Simple sugar found in certain foods, especially fruits | show 🗑
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| Physiologic steady state that is naturally maintained within the body | show 🗑
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| Portion of the brain that regulates body temperature, sleep and appetite | show 🗑
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| Articulates between adjoining bones | show 🗑
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| show | keratin
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| Dead cells of the epidermis | show 🗑
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| show | lacteal vessel
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| show | ligaments
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| An imaginary line dividing the body into left and right portions | show 🗑
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| Space within the thoracic cavity that houses all the organs of the chest except the lungs | show 🗑
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| show | Mucous membrane
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| Protein that makes up nearly half of the proteins in muscle cells | show 🗑
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| show | oral cavity
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| show | orbits
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| Structurally discrete component of a cell that performs a specific function | show 🗑
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| Measurement associated with acids and bases | show 🗑
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| show | phagocytosis
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| Liquid portion of the blood | show 🗑
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| Blood flow through a network of vessels between the heart and the lungs for the oxygenation of blood and the removal of CO2 | show 🗑
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| show | ribosomes
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| An imaginary line running from the front to back that divides the body into left and right sections. | show 🗑
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| Organelle of the muscle fiber that stores calcium. | show 🗑
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| Oil glands of the skin | show 🗑
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| show | serous membrane
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| show | Spinal column
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| show | subcutaneous tissue
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| Sweat glands | show 🗑
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| show | synovial membrane
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| General blood circulation of the body, not including the lungs | show 🗑
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| The chest cavity | show 🗑
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| Imaginary line dividing the body into top and bottom portions | show 🗑
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| Narrowing of the diameter of a blood vessel | show 🗑
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| Widening of the diameter of a blood vessel | show 🗑
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| show | Ventral horns
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| Lower chambers of the heart | show 🗑
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| The fertilized egg, from the time it is fertilized until its implanted into the urterus | show 🗑
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| The ankle is ______ in relation to the knee. | show 🗑
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| show | pericardium
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| The actively mitotic layer of the epidermis. | show 🗑
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| What is the total number of phalanges? | show 🗑
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| the flexor carpi ulnaris located? | show 🗑
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| The master gland | show 🗑
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| show | liver
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| show | urinary bladder
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| The portion of the uterus under direct hormonal effect. | show 🗑
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| The contraction of the diaphragm to enlarge the chest cavity and draw air into the lungs | show 🗑
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| show | exhalation
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Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
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You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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