Asthma Pharmacology Nursing
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| Asthma Pharmacology Flash Cards Nursing Review | References Pharmacology for Nursing Care, Richard Lehne, c. 2010
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| What are the two classifications for main drugs to treat asthma | anti-inflammatory agents and bronchodilators
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| Three advantages to asthma drugs | 1. drug is delivered to site of action 2. minimal systemic effects 3. relief is rapid
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| What are the primary drugs used to treat asthma? | glucocorticoids - anti-inflammatory beta2 agonists- anti-inflammatory
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| Name the three types of inhalers and the nursing implications. | 1. MDI 2. Dry Powder 3. Nebulizer Implication: Demonstrate, verbalize, and provide literature for the use and schedule of medications
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| When these drugs are taken long term the drug can cause adrenal suppression and bone loss | inhaled glucocorticoids
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| Measures to prevent bone loss in the use of oral/inhaled glucocorticoids | use a low dose, take calcium and Vit. D, weight bearing exercise
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| What are 3 MOAs of glucocorticoids | reduces/stops inflammatory mediators, decreases activity of inflammatory cells, decreases edema in airway ( decreasing mucous)
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| A patient complains of a white tongue and their voice is hoarse, what reaction could this be? | A reaction to inhaled glucocorticoids, oropharyngeal candidiasis and dysphonia
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| How are mild adverse reactions to Inhaled glucocorticoids treated/prevented? | tx: candidiasis with antifungal, prevent by gargling , use a spacer
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| The nurse questions giving oral glucocorticoids when systemic fungal infection/ a person receiving a live virus vaccine, why? | Oral Glucocorticoids are contraindicated
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| Inhaled Glucocorticoids are contraindicated when | a pt has persistent positive sputum for Candida albicans
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| A patient on long term glucocorticoid therapy is being prepared for survey, what needs to be done | patient must given oral or IV glucocorticoid for stress ( trauma, surgery, infection)
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| What are primary goals for Acute Severe Exacerbation of Asthma? | relieve airway obstructionand hypoxemia, normal lungs ASAP
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| What is therapy for Acute Severe Exacerbations? | Oxygen,oral glucocorticoid , nebulizer -SABA, nebulizer- ipratropium, IV magnesium sulfate or helix ( inhale) , discharge: oral : 5-10 days with medium inhaln.
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| List the Anti-inflammatory drugs: | Glucocorticoids ( oral /Inhaled), Leukotirene Modifiers ( oral) , Cromolyn and Nedocromil ( inhaled) , IgE Antagonist
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| List the Bronchodialtors: | Beta2-Adrenergic Agonists ( inhaled. oral) , Methylxanthines, Anticholinergics
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| What is the usual dose for MDI or DPI with SABA? | PRN, abort an attack, 30 -60 minutes, for 3-5 hours
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| A patient with recent attack ( 30 minutes) showing signs of tachycardia, angina and tremor , is this a concern? | assess pt after use of SABA this may be SABA reaction
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| A patient on methyxanthine/Theophylne/Theo-24 is going to new coffee shop for espresso, whats the concern? | Theophylline-similar to caffeine -effects on CNS and heart increase, caffeine competes, theophylline levels will rise
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| What is the MOA of Theophyline? | relaxes smooth muscle of bronchi
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| What is MOA of Anticholinergic drugs? | block muscarnic receptors
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| What are anticholinergic drugs approved for? | COPD, off label for asthma
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| Name two fixed dose combos of Gluco and LABA? | Fluticasone/Salmetrol, Budenoside/Formoterol
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| Three tests that measure lung function? | FEV1, FVC, Peak Expiratory flow
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| What are the two primary goals to tx asthma? | reduce impairment, reduce risk
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| Long term care drugs for asthma? | Antinflammatory: GLuco( oral/Inhln) , Leukotrien modifier, cromoln and nedocromil, Omalizumab, Broncho: LABAs, LABO, Theophylline
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| Short term care drugs for asthma? | SABAs, Anticholinergics, Systemic Glucocoticoids
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