UT Southwestern - Human Behavior - Human Development (with help from rbxbrown)
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
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| show | The emergence of forms, fxns, and behaviors resulting from the exchange between an organism & the inner/outer environment. Onset of each stage depends on the environment.
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| show | Secure attachment
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| show | Genetically predetermined developmental changes
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| show | Toilet Training a Toddler (Sphincter & Motor control depend on Pyramidal tract myelination, which is genetically controlled)
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| show | That environment alters expression of the genetic code (i.e. early stress -> later predilection to anxiety)
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| What is the meaning of critical time? | show 🗑
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| show | When higher fxns are traumatized in the CNS, lower fxns take over. (e.g. return of the Babinsky sign after stroke)
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| show | Doing something that is appropriate for one age but not another. (e.g. toddlers pee in the swimming pool)
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| show | Emotional engagement is a required precursor to healthy development.
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| Why do babies need a consistent caregiver? | show 🗑
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| Which researcher experimented on baby monkeys, and what are the salient findings? | show 🗑
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| show | Spitz. Babies changed personality, stopped development, became ill (3 month critical period)
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| show | 1. Protest, 2. Passive Grief/Dejection, 3. Deep Emotional Detachment; Signs of attachment - smile, confidence, curiosity
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| show | 1. Rooting, 2. Grasping, 3. Moro (throws out arms/legs/head to a startling sound/movement)
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| Assuming infants are hardwired to attach, what cues to they innately pay attention to? | show 🗑
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| What are the Asocial Phases of Attachment? | show 🗑
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| When does the Social Smile develop and what is its significance? | show 🗑
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| show | 7 months. baby dislikes non-caregiver. "Abandonment" calamity.
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| What are Freud's Calamities of Life? | show 🗑
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| show | 12 months. baby must be close to caregiver to feel secure. Blankie, thumb sucking, peek-a-boo, jack-in-the-box help baby adjust.
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| What is Ainsworth's Strange Situation Procedure? | show 🗑
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| show | Secure: distressed when mom leaves, happy when she returns. Insecure: anxious when mom leaves, ambivalent/avoidant when she returns.
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| Define attunement: | show 🗑
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| show | (Tronick) 2/3 of the time. (1/3 attuned, 1/3 miss needs, 1/3 miss needs & skilled mom fixes problem)
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| show | Baby becomes a child that is helpless, no sense of mastery, avoids relationships, self-reliant, poor self-regulation, persistent insecurity.
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| show | DA, endogenous opioids
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| show | prefrontal limbic right hemisphere
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| Which brain region involved in social functioning is underactive in adopted Romanian children? | show 🗑
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| What is the difference in cortisol signaling between secure & insecure infants? | show 🗑
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| What is the Belief Desire Theory? | show 🗑
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| show | 1) Trust vs. Mistrust that care will be given (1-2 years). 2) Autonomy vs. Shame & Doubt (2-3 years)
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| show | 1.5-3
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| What motor landmarks characterize toddlers? | show 🗑
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| show | exploring, object & self constancy, mental representation of others, no perceived consequences (e.g. heights), aggression & temper tantrums, gender identity (18 months), 2nd calamity: loss of love
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| show | Toddlers
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| show | Self Constancy (baby rubs rouge off its cheek after seeing it in a mirror). Toddler stage.
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| What is the best way to toilet train? | show 🗑
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| show | 18 months. Still cannot identify other kids' genders.
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| What is Erickson's 2nd polarity and when does it occur? | show 🗑
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| What is the fear of lost love and when does it occur? | show 🗑
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| Define the significance of "negativity" in the toddler | show 🗑
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| show | Get better muscular coordination, axons get myelinated (so toilet training can be accomplished).
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| show | Mahler: Austistic - baby cannot differentiate bw mother and self, Symbiotic - infant dependent on mother, Separation - baby uses mother as base camp
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| show | mental representation of themselves
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| Define the concept of "other" | show 🗑
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| Relate object permanence (Piaget) to object constancy (Mahler) | show 🗑
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| show | Conviction of one's gender
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| Describe two dangers connected to the toddler's lack of control of aggression | show 🗑
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| What are cognitive characteristics of preschool children? | show 🗑
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| List and define 10 processes that fit under Piaget's phase of preoperational thinking | show 🗑
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| show | Child centers on one aspcet of an object
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| What is egocentrism? | show 🗑
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| show | Thinking that everything that moves is alive and has thoughts
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| show | (Piaget's Preoperational Stage) Everything is made for and by humans.
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| show | Piaget's Preoperational Stage (2-7 years). Believe adults know all answers.
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| show | Piaget's Preoperational Stage (2-7 years). i.e. mother is a "Mom" so can't also be an "American"
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| show | Age 2-7
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| How should you refer to genitalia when speaking to a 2-7 year old? | show 🗑
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| show | Curious as a preschooler, but don't understand until 10
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| show | Preoccupied with sex, doctor games, increase in masturbation, Freud's phallic stage, Tyson's infantile genital stage
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| show | Initiative from success vs. guilt from failure
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| List the characteristics of the grade school child | show 🗑
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| show | 10
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| Report on the tasks of the grade school phase | show 🗑
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| show | Build network of friends, mastering activities completes Erikson's industry vs. inferiority
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| Report on the expression of sexuality during the grade school years | show 🗑
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| show | Industry vs. inferiority
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| show | Dependent upon socioeconomic status, quality of life, technological ability (higher means longer adolescence).
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| List and define the tasks of adolesence | show 🗑
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| show | Identity vs. Role Confusion
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| Report on Kernberg's description of role confusion | show 🗑
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| show | Inner tension, bodily changes, fight to gain independence, regressopm. Narcissistic, invincible
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| show | More influence than family, should have similar values
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| Report on the struggles and accomplishments of sexuality in adolescence | show 🗑
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| show | The part of the psyche that represents the moral values formed in the individual by family and society, containing the conscience and ego ideal, adolescence
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| Define conscience | show 🗑
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| What are Kohlberg's first two stages of the development of the conscience? | show 🗑
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| show | Conventional 3) Conformity to society 4) Authority of laws and rules
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| show | represents a set of ideal standards against which the individual measures his/her worth
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| show | Intimacy vs. isolation
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| show | Develop to give to child, meet external pressures, resolve internal motives
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| show | Normative crisis (questioning adequacy), survival growth theme, supportive matrix, identity reorganization theme
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| show | Long hours, creativity, mentor needed, "elsewhere generation"
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| What are some common relationship problems for young adults? | show 🗑
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| show | Take the place of family, stable support system, play important to relieve stress
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| Report on Lewis' study on happy marriages | show 🗑
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| show | 0-2 sensorimotor, 2-7 Preoperational, 7-11 Concrete Operations, 11-? Formal Operations
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| What characterizes Piaget's Sensorimotor Stage? | show 🗑
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| What characterizes Piaget's Concrete Operations stage of development? | show 🗑
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| What characterizes Piaget's Formal Operations stage of development? | show 🗑
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| What are Mahler's Stages of Separation-Individuation & ages (in months)? | show 🗑
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| What characterizes Mahler's Symbiotic stage of development? | show 🗑
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| show | 5-10 months. Stranger Danger!
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| show | 10-16 months. Separation Anxiety.
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| show | 16-24 months. Temper Tantrums.
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| show | 24-36 months. Object Constancy (= Self-soothing with Mental Representation of Care-Giver), Internalization.
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| What are Erikson's Calamities of Life? | show 🗑
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| At what age do we experience Trust/Mistrust (Erikson)? | show 🗑
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| show | 1-3 years old.
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| show | 3-5 years. (Erikson)
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| At what age do we experience Industry/Inferiority? | show 🗑
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| show | 11-18 years. (Erikson)
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| show | Young Adulthood (Erikson).
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| show | Generativity/Stagnation (adulthood), Ego Integrity/Despair (maturity)
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| What are Freud's stages of Anxiety (danger situations)? | show 🗑
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| What are Freud's stages of psychosexual development? | show 🗑
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| At what age is masturbation normal and what are the key caveats? | show 🗑
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| show | 6-11 years.
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| What are things to look out for in sexual play? | show 🗑
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| show | School phobia = aversion of attending school. Separation anxiety = fear of leaving the home or caregiver.
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| When do girls act like TomBoys? | show 🗑
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| What age is characterized by Reality Fantasy (i.e. "switched @ birth")? | show 🗑
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| What are Kohlberg's ideas regarding the development of conscience (stage 3)? | show 🗑
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| When are children obsessed with rules? | show 🗑
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| What characterizes Freud's Latency stage? | show 🗑
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| show | 1) lack of guilt/concern over aggression/emotion, 2) inability to have non-expoitive realistic relations, 3) shallow undeveloped values
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| show | Menarche: 12 1/2 (10 1/2 - 15 years). Sperm: 14 1/2.
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| What are some characteristics of early adolescents? | show 🗑
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| show | 14-16 years. dating, mixed gender friends, dates chosen on personal gain, idealistic romance, boyfriends ~ 2 years older
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| What are some characteristics of late adolescents? | show 🗑
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| What are Kohlberg's stages of moral development? | show 🗑
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| show | when other person's satisfaction & security are as important as self's
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| How do men & women define intimacy? | show 🗑
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| What are Daniel N. Stern's themes of motherhood? | show 🗑
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| Why are current 20-40 year olds called the Elsewhere Generation? | show 🗑
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| How does Carol Gilligan clash with Kohlberg? | show 🗑
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| show | Generativity vs. Stagnation
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| Define the concept of body monitoring | show 🗑
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| show | Experience of time changes to beig viewed as time left to live as opposed to time since birth
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| show | 1) Generativity (Erikson) concern for next generation. Alternative = stagnation/emotional standstill. 2) Body monitoring, 3) time LEFT to live, 4) peak of career, 5) Introspection
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| What is Colarusso's defintion of a Mid-Life Crisis? | show 🗑
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| What did Levinson posit about the stages of life? | show 🗑
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| show | Accepting new people in to your family (spouses of children, grandchildren, etc.).
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| show | 1) Diplomatic, 2) Teacher of tradition, 3) Unique relationship, 4) Reunites family for events, 5) Flexible/Helpful
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| show | Peak years, mentoring relationship
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| show | Integrity vs. Despair
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| show | Sick elderly is a social stereotype, Degenerative changes do occur, but not set age at which these changes occur.
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| Is it true that older people have lower IQ's | show 🗑
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| What are Characteristics of Late Adulthood? | show 🗑
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| What does George Vallaint believe about aging? | show 🗑
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| show | unhappy marriage -> 35% increased risk of illness. happy marriage -> live 4 years longer.
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