Chapter 14
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| show | Psychopatholog
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| show | trepanning
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| show | Hippocrates
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| show | witches
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| can be defined as behavior that is statistically rare or occurs infrequently | show 🗑
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| can be defined as deviant from social norms (doesn’t follow social rules) | show 🗑
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| may causes subjective discomfort. The individual is uncomfortable with their own thoughts, feelings, or behaviors. | show 🗑
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| show | Abnormal behavior
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| Any pattern of behavior that causes people significant distress, causes harm to others, or harms their ability to function in daily life is called ________. | show 🗑
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| Mental illness does not equate to insane, T or F | show 🗑
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| insanity includes the inability to know right from wrong | show 🗑
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| show | Biological models
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| assume that abnormal behavior stems from repressed conflicts and urges that are fighting to surface to consciousness | show 🗑
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| see abnormal behavior as learned through classical conditioning, reinforcement, punishment or modeling. | show 🗑
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| see abnormal behavior as coming from irrational beliefs and illogical patterns of thought. | show 🗑
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| show | Biopsychosocial Perspective
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| describes about 250 different psychological disorders | show 🗑
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| show | 5
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| The axis focused on clinical disorders and other conditions that may be a focus of clinical attention. | show 🗑
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| The axis focused on Personality Disorders and Mental Retardation | show 🗑
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| show | Axis 3
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| The axis focused on Psychosocial and Environmental Problems | show 🗑
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| show | Axis 5
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| show | 22
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| is one of the most common psychological disorders worldwide. | show 🗑
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| show | obsessions; compulsions
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| dominant symptom is excessive and unrealistic | show 🗑
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| show | Phobic Disorders
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| show | Phobias
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| show | social phobias
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| intense fear of a specific stimulus | show 🗑
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| fear of leaving home (fear of open spaces) | show 🗑
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| show | Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
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| ritualistic and repetitive behavior that reduces that anxiety caused by the obsessive thought | show 🗑
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| is the sudden and recurrent onset of intense panic for no reason, with all the physical symptoms that can occur in sympathetic nervous system arousal | show 🗑
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| occur which result from the overactive nervous system | show 🗑
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| is a condition of intense and unrealistic anxiety that lasts six months or more | show 🗑
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| show | Psychoanalytical Disorders
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| Behaviorist explain that disordered behavior is learned through both | show 🗑
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| Cognitive psychologists believe that excessive anxiety comes from | show 🗑
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| of anxiety disorders include chemical imbalances in the nervous system, in particular serotonin and GABA systems | show 🗑
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| may be responsible for anxiety disorders among related persons | show 🗑
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| show | an anxiety disorder
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| disorders that take the form of bodily illnesses and symptoms but for which there are no real physical disorders. | show 🗑
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| disorder in which psychological stress causes a real physical disorder or illness. | show 🗑
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| show | Psychophysiological disorder
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| somatoform disorder in which the person is terrified of being sick and worries constantly, going to doctors repeatedly, and becoming preoccupied with every sensation of the body | show 🗑
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| somatoform disorder in which the person dramatically complains of a specific symptom such as nausea, difficulty swallowing, or pain for which there is no real physical cause | show 🗑
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| somatoform disorder in which the person experiences a specific symptom in the somatic nervous system’s functioning, such as paralysis, numbness, or blindness, for which there is no physical cause | show 🗑
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| Psychoanalytic explanations of somatoform disorders assume that | show 🗑
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| point to the negative reinforcement experienced when the “ill” person escapes unpleasant situations such as combat. | show 🗑
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| show | Cognotive explanations of somatoform disorders
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| involve a break in consciousness, memory, or both. | show 🗑
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| Who Am I and How Did I Get Here? o traveling away from familiar surroundings with amnesia for the trip and possible amnesia for personal information. | show 🗑
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| How Many Am I? o disorder occurring when a person seems to have two or more distinct personalities within one body. | show 🗑
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| show | Causes of Dissociative Disorders o Psychoanalytic explanations
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| show | Causes of Dissociative Disorders cognotive, and behavior point of view
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| point to lower than normal activity levels in the areas responsible for body awareness in people with dissociative disorders. * | show 🗑
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| in psychology, an emotional reaction | show 🗑
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| a moderate depression that lasts for two years or more and is typically a reaction to some external stressor. | show 🗑
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| disorder that consists of mood swings from moderate depression to hypomania and lasts two years or more. | show 🗑
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| show | Major Depression
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| Major Depression is the most common of the mood disorders and is twice as common in women as in men. T or F | show 🗑
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| having the quality of excessive excitement, energy, and elation or irritability. | show 🗑
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| are severe mood swings from major depressive episodes to manic episodes of extreme elation and energy, with no obvious external cause. | show 🗑
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| see depression as anger at authority figures from childhood turned inward on the self. o | show 🗑
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| show | Cognitive theories
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| show | Biological
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| show | Mood disorders
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| show | Seasonal Affect Disorder
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| are false beliefs in which people are convinced that they are powerful enough to save the world. | show 🗑
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| is a split between thoughts, emotions, and behavior. It is a long-lasting psychotic disorder in which reality and fantasy become confused | show 🗑
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| show | positive symptoms
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| - false beliefs held by a person who refuses to accept evidence of their falseness. | show 🗑
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| show | delusions of persecution
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| show | delusions of reference
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| in which people believe that they are being controlled by external forces, such as the devil, aliens, or cosmic forces; | show 🗑
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| show | delusions of grandeur
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| show | delusional disorder
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| show | hallucinations
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| symptoms of schizophrenia that are less than normal behavior or an absence of normal behavior; poor attention, flat affect, and poor speech production. | show 🗑
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| a lack of emotional responsiveness | show 🗑
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| show | disorganized
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| show | catatonic
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| the person suffers from delusions of persecution, grandeur, and jealousy, together with hallucinations. | show 🗑
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| the person shows no particular pattern, shift from one pattern to another, and cannot be neatly classified as disorganized, paranoid, or catatonic. o residual - there are no delusions and hallucinations, but the person still experiences negative thoughts | show 🗑
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| show | Dopamine
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| prefrontal cortex (an area of the brain involved in planning and organization of information) of people with schizophrenia has been shown to produce lower levels of ______ than normal. | show 🗑
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| explanation of disorder that assumes a biological sensitivity, or vulnerability, to a certain disorder will develop under the right conditions of environmental or emotional stress. Genetic predisposition creates physical risk for schizophrenia when suffic | show 🗑
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| see schizophrenia as resulting from a severe breakdown of the ego, which has become overwhelmed by the demands of the id and results in childish, infantile behavio | show 🗑
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| on how reinforcement, observational learning, and shaping affect the development of the behavioral symptoms of schizophrenia | show 🗑
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| see schizophrenia as severe irrational thinking | show 🗑
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| explanations focus on dopamine, structural defects in the brain, and genetic influences in schizophrenia | show 🗑
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| show | genetic relatedness increases
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| show | schizophrenia.
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| extreme suspicion and often jealous | show 🗑
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| show | Schizoid:
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| show | Schizotypal:
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| Type in which a person has no conscience and uses people for personal gain. A rare form is the serial killer. | show 🗑
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| Type in which a person is clingy, moody, unstable in relationships, and suffers from problems with identity. | show 🗑
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| show | Histrionic
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| vain and self-involved | show 🗑
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| fearful of social relationships | show 🗑
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| show | Dependent:
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| controlling, focused on neatness and order to an extreme degree | show 🗑
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