test 5 info
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| umbilical cord is clamped | 1st breath is taken & lungs begin to function
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| First few min of birth( heart rate) | 120-180bpm
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| Heart rate after birth | decrease to an average of 120-130bpm
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| May be hear during the neonatal period as a result of the changing dynamics of the cardiovascular system at birth | Transient ( short time) functional cardiac murmurs
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| resulting from normal laor become stimuli for initating respirations | Hypercapnia, hypoxia & acidosis
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| Surfactant (surface tension- reducing lipoprotein) is found? | in newborns lungs that prevents alveolar collapse
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| Normal Lung functions dependent on surfactant | which permits a decrease in surface tension at the end expiration
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| 1 crucial adaptation that the newborn makes at birth? | adjusting from fluid filled intrauterine enviorment to a gaseous exterine enviorment
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| Passage through birth conal allows intermittent compression of the thorax | which helps eliminate the fluid in the lungs
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| Transiet tachypnea | resiratory rate above 60bpm
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| Fluid removed too slowly/incompletely | transiet tachypnea occurs
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| Situations that involve decreased thoracic compression | Cesarean Birth
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| Repirations in newborns | shallow/irregular, range 30-60breaths per min, w/ short periods of apnea(from 15-20sec of not breathing)
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| Signs of repiratory distress to observe | Cyanosis, tachypnea, expiratory grunting, sternal retraction, & nasal flaring
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| Periodic Breathing | the cessation of breathing that last 5-10 seconds w/out changes in color or heart rate
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| Average newborn temp | 36.5 to 37.5C (97.9 to 99.7 F)
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| Termoregulation | process of maintainig the balance between heat loss & heat production
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| Nurses play a key role in providing? | An appropriate enviorment to help newborns maintain thermal stability
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| How do newborns lose heat | thin skin w/blood vesels close to surface, Lack sivering ability to produce heat involuntarily, Lack of subcutaneous fat which provides insulation
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| Newborns struggles to maintain body temperature from the moment of birth | when the newborn's wet body is exposed to much cooler enviroment of the birthing room
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| Conduction | transfer of heat from one object to another , ie: a cold mattress, scale , cold hands
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| Convection | the flow of heat from the body surface to cooler surrounding air, ie: open dorrs, windows, fans, air conditioners
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| Evaporation | loss of heat when a liquid is converted to a vapor ie: sweating (drying newborn right after birth important need blankets and cap to prevent evaporation )
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| Radiation | loss of body heat to cooler solid surfaces in close proximity but not in direct contact with the newborn
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| Iron Storage | the term newborn has iorn stores sufficient to last approximately 4-6 months
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| when placenta is lost at birth | maternal glucose supply is cut off, glucose levels decline, glucose main sourse of energy 4 first several hrs, start feedings help stabilize the newborns blood glucose levels
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| Newborns blood glucose levels assesed? | heel stick sample of blood on admission to nursery and again @ 4hrs of age
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| what helps stable the new borns glucose levels? | initiating feedings
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| Jaundice (icterus | yellowing of the skin, scalera, and mucous membranes the results from an increase of bilirubin blood levels
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| meconium | mix of amniotic fluid, shed mucosal cells, interstinal secreations, and blood
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| discription of meconium | greenish -black , usally passed with in 12-24 hrs of birth
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| newborns that are fed earlier | pass stool sooner, which helps reduce bilirubin build up
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| stool of brest fed newborns | yellow gold, loose and stringy/pasty and sour smelling
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| stool offormula fed newborns | yello, yellow- green, or greenis and loose/pasty and an unpleasant odor
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| average voids for newborns | 6-8 = adequate fluid intake
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| 80% of all circulating antibodies | IgG( major immunoglobuin and most abundant)
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| Major source of IgA | human breast milk
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| vision (least mature sense) | able to focus on objects only in close proximity 7-12inch away
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| vision 2 | tracks objects in midline or beyond 90inches
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| Newborns reflexes are assesed? | to evaluate neurologic functions and development
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| first period of reactivity | begins at birth and lasts for 30 min
newborn alert and moving may appear hungry
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| apperance of sucking and rooting behaviors | provide a good opportunity for initiating breast feeding
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| second period of reactivity | begins when the newborn awakens and shows interest in enviormental stimuli. lasting avout 2-8 hrs in a normal newborn, b/c heart respiration and peristalsis increases, newborns pass meconium during this time
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| newborns like | human faces and bright shiny objects
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