Micro Qtr. 3
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| *Spherical grape-like clusters *Produces toxins & enzymes *Transmission: Direct Contact (most common), Indirect Contact *Portals of Entry/Exit: Broken Skin, GI Tract, Respiratory Tract | Staphylococcus aureus
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| Name some of the diseases caused by Staphylococcus aureus | *Most Common- Skin Abscess
*Food Poisoning
*Nosocomial Infections
*Toxic Shock Syn.
*Impetigo
*Scalded Skin Syn.
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| *Spherical chain-like arr. *Beta-hemolytic Group A *Produces toxins & enzymes *Transmission: Direct Contact (most common), Indirect Contact *Portals: Respiratory Tract, Broken Skin | Streptococcus pyogenes
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| Name some of the diseases caused by Streptococcus pyogenes | *Most Common-Strep Throat (Septic Sore Throat, Pharyngitis)
*Scarlet Fever
*Rheumatic Fever
*Puerperal Sepsis (Childbirth Fever)
*Toxic Shock Syn.
*Impetigo
*Erysipelas (St. Anthony's Fire)
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| *Spherical chain-like arr. *AKA: Pneumococcus *Produces a capsule *Transmission: Direct Droplet Contact, Indirect Contact *Portals: Respiratory Tract | Streptococcus pneumoniae
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| Name some of the diseases caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae | *Lobar Pneumonia
*Otitis Media (Mid. Ear Infection)
*Meningitis
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| *Spherical *AKA: Gonococcus *Produces Pili/fibriae *Transmission: Direct Contact (most common), Indirect Contact *Portals: Genitourinary Tract, Eyes | Neisseria gonorrhoeae
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| Name the diseases that can be caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae | *Gonorrhea
*Ophthalmia Neonatorum
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| *Spherical *AKA: Meningococcus *Transmission: Direct Droplet Contact, Indirect Contact *Portals: Respiratory Tract | Neisseria meningitidis
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| Name the diseases caused by Neisseria meningitidis | *Epidemic Meningitis (Meningococcemia)
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| *Rod Shaped *Most virulent strain of salmonella *Most Common Transmission:Oral Fecal Route (indirect) *Portals: Gastrointestinal Tract | Salmonella typhi
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| Name the disease caused by Salmonella typhi | Typhoid Fever
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| *Rod Shaped *Most virulent strain of shigella *Transmission: Indirect *Portals: Gastrointestinal Tract | Shigella dysenteriae
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| Name the disease caused by Shigella dysenteriae | Shigellosis
AKA Bacillary Dysentery
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| *Rod Shaped *Transmission: Indirect Contact *Portals: Gastrointestinal Tract, Urinary Tract | Escherichia coli
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| Name the diseases caused by Escherichia coli | *Different forms of gastroenteritis
*Most common cause of UTIs
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| *Rod Shaped *Produces a capsule *Ability to translocate to the lungs *Transmission: Direct, Indirect, Opportunistic *Portals: GI Tract, Urinary Tract, Respiratory Tract | Klebsiella pneumoniae
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| Name the diseases caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae | *Lobar Pneumonia (Hospital Acquired Pneumonia)
*Gastroenteritis
*UTIs
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| *Rod Shaped *Colonies smell like burnt chocolate *Transmission: Indirect, Direct, Opportunistic, Nosocomial *Portals: Broken Skin, Urinary Tract, GI Tract | Proteus mirabilis
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| Name the diseases caused by Proteus mirabilis | *Secondary Infections of Burn Wounds
*UTIs
*Gastroenteritis
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| *Rod Shaped *Blue-green pus in wounds *Transmission: Opportunistic, Indirect, Direct, Nosocomial *Portals: Broken Skin, Urinary Tract, GI Tract | Pseudomonas aeruginosa
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| Name the diseases caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa | *Burn Wound Infections
*UTIs
*Gastroenteritis
*Ear Infections
*Pneumonia
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| *Rod Shaped *Produces a capsule & Pertussis Toxin *Transmission: Direct Droplet *Portals: Respiratory Tract | Bordetella pertussis
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| Name the disease caused by Bordetella pertussis | Pertussis (Whooping Cough)
*young children are high risk group
*Vaccine: DTaP
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| *Rod Shaped *Transmission: Direct Droplet *Portals: Respiratory Tract **young children are high risk group **Vaccine: Hib | Haemophilus influenzae
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| Name the disease caused by Haemophilus influenzae | Bacterial Influenzal Meningitis
*bacteremia is also a concern
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| *Rod Shaped, Zoonosis *Transmission: Indirect contact with rat flea; Direct Droplet Contact Portals: Broken Skin, Respiratory Tract | Yersinia pestis
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| Name the diseases caused by Yersinia pestis | *Bubonic Plague
*Septicemic Plague
*Pneumonic Plague
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| *Rod Shaped, Zoonosis *Transmission: Direct contact via handling infected animals; Indirect contact *Portals: Skin, GI Tract, Respiratory Tract | Francisella tularensis
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| *Spore-forming, Rod shaped, Zoonosis, Biological Warfare *Produces a capsule, exotoxin, endospore *Transmission: Direct & Indirect *Portals: Broken Skin, Respiratory Tract, GI Tract | Bacillus anthracis
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| Name the diseases caused by Bacillus anthracis | *Anthrax
-Cutaneous Infection forming an eschar
-Pulmonary Infection (Wool Sorter's Disease)
-Typhoidal Anthrax
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| *Spore-forming, Rod shaped *Produces endospore & toxin (botulinin) *Transmission: Indirect *Portals: GI Tract, Broken Skin | Clostridium botulinum
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| Name the diseases caused by Clostridium botulinum | *Food-bourne Botulism
*Infant Botulism
*Wound Botulism
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| *Spore-forming, Rod shaped *Obligate Anaerobe *Produces exotoxins, endospores, hyaluronidase enzyme *Transmission: Indiret *Portals: Broken Skin, GI Tract | Clostridium perfringens
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| Name the diseases caused by Clostridium perfringens | *Gas Gangrene (antemortem)
*Tissue Gas (post-mortem)
*Food Poisoning
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| *Spore-forming, Rod shaped *Obligate Anaerobe *Produces endospores, the neurotoxin tetanospasmin *Transmission: Indirect *Portals: Broken Skin **Vaccine: DTaP | Clostridium tetani
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| Name the disease caused by Clostridium tetani | Tetanus (Lockjaw)
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| *Bacilli/club-shaped & pleomorphic *Exotoxin forms a pseudomembrane *Resistant to drying *Transmission: Direct Droplet & Indirect Air-borne *Portals: Respiratory Tract & Broken Skin *DTaP Vaccine | Corynebacterium diphtheriae
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| Name the diseases caused by Corynebacterium diptheriae | *Diphtheria (respiratory most common)
*Cutaneous Diphtheria
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| *Bacilli, Obligate Aerobe, Acid-Fast, long gen. time (20+ hrs) *Can survive in dried sputum for weeks *Resilient cell wall (high lipid content) *Transmission: Direct Droplet & Indirect Air-Borne (also ingestion) *Portals: Respiratory, GI Tract, Split | Mycobacterium tuberculosis
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| Name the diseases caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis | *Tuberculosis
-Lungs (Pulmonary)
-Miliary
*forms a tubercle
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| *Bacilli, Acid-Fast, High lipid content to cell wall *Opportunistic form of TB in AIDS patients | Mycobacterium avium
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| *Bacilli, Acid-Fast, Grows in peripheral nervous system, 30C opt. growth temp *Resilient cell wall *Transmission: Direct with nasal secretions *Portals: Broken Skin & Respiratory Tract | Mycobacterium leprae
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| Name the diseases formed by Mycobacterium leprae | *Leprosy (Hanson's Disease)
-Tuberculoid Lep. -> neural form
-Lepromatous Lep. -> progressive
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| *Unique lipid in cell wall *Resists phagocytosis & survives low levels of chlorine *Found naturally in water *Transmission: Indirect Air-Borne, non-communicable *Portals: Respiratory Tract | Legionella pneumophila
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| Name the disease caused by Legionella pneumophila | *Legionnaire's Disease (Legionellosis)
-Milder form= Pontiac Fever
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| *Psychrophile, Pleomorphic, Excreted in animal feces *Crosses the placenta, Resists phagocytosis, affinity for growth in the CNS *Transmission: Indirect Ingestion & Direct Placental *Portals: GI Tract & Placenta | Listeria monocytogenes
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| Name the disease caused by Listeria monocytogenes | *Listeriosis (Listeria)
+Pregnant & Immunocompromised are high risk group
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| *Comma/Curved Shape, Produces Cholera Toxin (blocks absorption of H2O, salts, electrolytes= rice water stools) *Transmission: Indirect Ingestion *Portals: GI Tract | Vibrio cholerae
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| Name the disease caused by Vibrio cholerae | *Asiatic Cholera
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| *Spirochete, Teflon Pathogen, Crosses the placenta *Transmission: Direct via Placenta, STD *Portals: Placenta, Genitourinary Tract | Treponema pallidum
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| Name the disease caused by Treponema pallidum | *Syphilis
+Acquired
-Primary -> chancre
-Secondary -> skin rashes
-Latent
-Tertiary -> gummas
+Congenital
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| *Spirochete, Zoonosis, Bull's Eye Rash *Transmission: Indirect with an insect vector (deer tick bite; also biological vector) *Portals: Broken Skin | Borrelia burgdorferi
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| Name the disease caused by Borrelia burgdorferi | *Lyme Disease (Lyme Borreliosis)
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| *Spirochete, Zoonosis *Transmission: Direct with contaminated animal urine, Indirect with ingestion of H2O contaminated with animal urine *Portals: Broken Skin, GI Tract | Leptospira interrogans
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| Name the disease caused by Leptospira interrogans | *Leptospirosis (Infectious Jaundice)
aka Swineherder's Flu/Jaundice, Sewerman's Flu
+Weil's Disease-advanced case
-causes liver/kidney damage/failure
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| *Vibrio, Produces an Enterotoxin *Transmission: Indirect with Ingestion *Portals: GI Tract | Campylobacter jejuni
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| Name the disease caused by Campylobacter jejuni | *Campylobacteriosis (Campylobacter gastroenteritis)
+Guillain-Barre' Syndrome- rare complication (temp form of paralysis starting in lower extremities)
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| *Among the smallest of the free-living bacteria *No cell wall, Pleomorphic *Transmission: Direct Droplet *Portals: Respiratory Tract | Mycoplasma pneumoniae
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| Name the disease caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae | *Mycoplasmal Pneumonia
aka Primary Atypical Pneumonia, Walking Pneumonia
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| *Obligate intracellular parasite, Spread by arthropod vector, Typhus Disease *Transmission:Indirect with an insect vector (human body louse bite) *Portal: Broken Skin | Rickettsia prowazekii
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| Name the disease caused by Rickettsia prowazekii | *Epidemic Typhus
aka Louse Borne Typhus
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| *Obligate Intracellular Parasite, Spread by arthropod vector, Typhus Disease *Transmission: Indirect with an insect vector (rat flea bite) *Portal: Broken Skin | Rickettsia typhi
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| Name the disease caused by Rickettsia typhi | *Endemic Murine Typhus
aka Fleaborne Typhus
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| *Obligate Intracellular Parasite, Spread by arthropod vector, Typhus Disease *Transmission: Indirect with an insect vector (tick bite) *Portal: Broken Skin | Rickettsia rickettsii
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| Name the disease caused by Rickettsia rickettsii | *Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
aka Tickborne Typhus
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| *Obligate Intracellular Parasite, Typhus Disease *Transmission: Indirect Air-borne *Portal: Respiratory **Originated in placental material after calves were born | Coxiella burnetii
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| Name the disease caused by Coxiella burnetii | *Q Fever (Q=query)
+pneumonia-like illness
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| *Obligate Intracellular Parasite *Transmission:Direct by STD, hand to eyes, Mother to infant's eyes *Portals: Genitourinary Tract, Eyes | Chlamydia trachomatis
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| Name the diseases caused by Chlamydia trachomatis | *Inclusion Conjunctivitis
*Trachoma (eye inf.)
*Nongonococcal Urethritis (NGU)
*Reiter's Syndrome
*Nonspecific Urethritis (NSU)
*PID
*Lymphogranuloma Venereum (LGV)
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| *Obligate Intracellular Parasite *Transmission: Indirect Airborne, Direct with an infected bird *Portal: Respiratory Tract | Chlamydia psittaci
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| Name the disease caused by Chlamydia psittaci | *Psittacosis
aka Parrot Fever, Ornithosis
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