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Mill Creek M.S. Science 7--Wohlford

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Answer
Trait   A characteristic that an organism can pass on to its offspring through its genes.  
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Gene   A segment of DNA on a chromosome that codes for a specific trait.  
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Chromosome   A doubled rod of condensed chromatin; contains DNA that carries genetic information.  
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Pedigree   A chart or "family tree" that tracks which members of a family have a particular trait.  
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Genetics   The scientific study of heredity.  
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Heterozygous   Having two different alleles for a trait.  
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Phenotype   An organism's physical appearance, or visible traits.  
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Karyotype   A picture of all the chromosomes in a cell arranged in pairs.  
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DNA   Deoxyribonucleic acid; the genetic material that carries information about an organism and is passed from parent to offspring.  
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Punnett Square   A chart that shows all the possible combinations of alleles that can result from a genetic cross.  
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Dominant   An allele whose trait always shows up in the organism when the allele is present.  
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Recessive   An allele that is masked when a dominant allele is present.  
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Sex-linked Gene   A gene that is carried on the X or Y chromosome.  
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Clone   An organism that is genetically identical to the organism from which it was produced.  
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Probability   The likelihood that a particular event will occur.  
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Meiosis   The process that occurs in sex cells (sperm and egg) by which the number of chromosomes is reduced by half.  
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Allele   The different forms of a gene.  
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Codominance   A condition in which neither of two alleles of a gene is dominant or recessive.  
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Purebred   An organism that always produces offspring with the same form of a trait as the parent.  
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Hybrid   An organism that has two different alleles for a trait; an organism that is hterozygous for a particular trait.  
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Created by: cbolthouse
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