McGraw-Hill Emergency Medical Responder 2nd Edition CH 12
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| Mottling | An irregular or patchy discoloration of the skin that is usually a mixture of blue and white; usually seen in patients in shock or cardiac arrest
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| Rapid trauma assessment | A quick, head-to-toe examination performed on a trauma patient with significant mechanism of injury to determine life-threatening injuries.
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| Sphygmomanometer | A blood pressure cuff
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| Blunt trauma | Any mechanism of injury that occurs without actual penetration of the body.
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| Symptom | Any condition described by the patient, such as shortness of breath, nausea, and dizziness.
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| Patent | Open
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| Crepitation (crepitus) | A crackling sensation heard and felt beneath the skin; caused by bone ends grating against each other or air trapped between layers of tissue
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| Penetrating trauma | Any mechanism of injury that causes a cut or piercing of the skin
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| Stethoscope | An instrument used to hear sounds within the body, such as respirations; also used to measure blood pressure
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| Kinetic energy | The energy of motion; the amount of kinetic energy an object has depends on the mass of the object and the speed (velocity) of the object
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| Cyanosis | Blue skin
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| Gurgling | Bubbling noise
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| Spinal precautions | Precautions made to stabilize the head, neck, and back in a neutral position to preent movement that could cause injury to the spinal cord.
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| Baseline vital signs | An initial set of vital sign measurements against which later measurements can be compared
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| Medical patient | A patient whose condition is caused by an illness.
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| Vital signs | Assessments of breathing, pulse, skin, pupils, and blood pressure.
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| Pulse | The rhythmic contractions and expansion of the arteries with each beat of the heart.
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| Snoring | Noisy breathing through the mouth and nose during sleep
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| Kinematics | The science of analyzing the mechanism of injury and predicting injury patterns
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| Chief complaint | The reason EMS has been called, usually in the patient's own words
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| Diastolic blood pressure | The pressure in the arteries when the heart is at rest
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| Stridor | A high-pitched sound that is usually heard on inhalation; a sign of upper airway obstruction
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| in-line stabilization | A technique used to minimize movement of the head and neck
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| Respiration | The act of breathing air into the lungs (inhalation) and out of the lungs (exhalation); the exchange of gases between a living organism and its environment
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| Patient history | The part of the patient assessment during which facts are obtained about the patient's medical history.
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| Wheezing | A high-pitched whistling sound heard during breathing caused by air moving through narrowed airway passages
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| Mechanism of injury | The manner in which an injury occurs and the forces involved in producing the injury
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| Sign | Any medical or trauma condition displayed by the patient that can be seen, heard, smelled, measured, or felt
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| Perfusion | The flow of blood through an organ or a part of the body
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| Systolic blood pressure | The pressure in the arteries when the heart is pumping blood
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| Stoma | A surgical opening in the neck
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| Trauma patient | A patient who has experienced an injury from an external force
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| Blood pressure | The force exerted by the blood on the walls of the arteries
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| Central pulse | A pulse found close to the trunk of the body
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| Arteries | Blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart to the rest of the body
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