Nutritional Problems
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| The lower the socioeconomic status? | the poorer the nutritional state
🗑
|
||||
| What is nutrition? | the process by which the body uses food for energy, gowth, and maintenance and repair of body tissues
🗑
|
||||
| What are the essential components of the basic food groups? | carbohydrates, fat, proteins, vitamines, and minerals
🗑
|
||||
| What is the body's primary source of energy? | Carbohydrates
🗑
|
||||
| Carbs are either? | simple or complex
🗑
|
||||
| What are two forms of simple carbs? | monosaccharides and disaccharides
🗑
|
||||
| What are polysaccharides? | Starch, fiber
🗑
|
||||
| One gram of fat yields how many calories? | 9 calories
🗑
|
||||
| The daily caloric requirements of a person are influenced by? | body build, age, gender, and physical activity
🗑
|
||||
| 1 gram of protein = | 4 calories
🗑
|
||||
| What are the units of structure for protein? | amino acids
🗑
|
||||
| How many amino acids are there? | 22essential and nonessential
🗑
|
||||
| The amino acids can be classified as? | essential and nonessential
🗑
|
||||
| How many essential amino acids are there? | 9
🗑
|
||||
| What are protein sources containing all the essential amino acids called? | complete proteins
🗑
|
||||
| Protiens that lack one or more of the essential amino acids are called? | incomplete proteins
🗑
|
||||
| Protiens are essential for? | tissue growth, repair and maintenance, regulatory functions and energy productions
🗑
|
||||
| Vitamins are? | organic coupounds required in small amounts by the body for normal metabolism
🗑
|
||||
| Vitamins do what? | metabolize amino acids, fats, and carbs
🗑
|
||||
| What are the 2 categories of vitamins? | water soluble and fat soluble
🗑
|
||||
| What are water soluble vitamins? | Vit c, and B
🗑
|
||||
| What are fat soluble vitamins? | A D E K
🗑
|
||||
| What are minderal salts? | magnesium, iron and calcium
🗑
|
||||
| When minerals are present in little amounts they are called? | trace elements
🗑
|
||||
| Minerals required in greated amounts are called? | major minerals
🗑
|
||||
| Minerals are needed for the body to? | build tissues, regulate body fluids and assist in various body functions
🗑
|
||||
| Minimal amount of minerals are called? | trace
🗑
|
||||
| Large amounts of minerals are called? | Major
🗑
|
||||
| What do vegetarioans exclude? | red meat
🗑
|
||||
| What are vegans? | eat only plant food
🗑
|
||||
| What is a lacto ovo vegatarians? | eat meat and dairy
🗑
|
||||
| What is the primary deficincy in vegens? | Cobalamin (B12)
🗑
|
||||
| B12 can only be obtained how? | animals
🗑
|
||||
| What does not enough B12 cause? | megloblastic anemia
🗑
|
||||
| Vegans may also be at risk for? | iron deficiency
🗑
|
||||
| When assessing a pt diet history a nurse should include? | cultural and ethnic considerations
🗑
|
||||
| A nurse should not do what when assess cultural considerations? | cultural stereotyping
🗑
|
||||
| What is malnutrition? | a deficit, exess, or imbalance of the essential componenets of a balanced diet
🗑
|
||||
| What terms are used to describe malnutrition? | overnutrition, undernutrition
🗑
|
||||
| What is undernutrition? | state of poor nourishment as a result of inadequate diet
🗑
|
||||
| What is overnutrition? | ingestion of more food than is required for body needs
🗑
|
||||
| What is caused by not enough Vit D? | rickets
🗑
|
||||
| What is scurvy? | condition caused by not enough Vit. C, causes weakness, anemia, and oral ulcerations
🗑
|
||||
| Malnutrition is common in? | hospitalized pt
🗑
|
||||
| What is protein calorie malnutrition? | most common form of undernutrition and can result from primary or secondary factors
🗑
|
||||
| What is Primary protein calorie malnutrition? | where the nutritional needs are not met as a result of poor eating habits
🗑
|
||||
| What is secondary protien calorie malnutrition? | caused by an alteration or defect in ingestion, digestion, absorption or metabolism
🗑
|
||||
| Secondary malnutrition may occur because of? | GI obstruction, surgery, cancer, malabsorption syndromes, and drugs
🗑
|
||||
| What is marasmus? | deficiency of both caloric and protein intake leading to generalized loss of body fat and muscle
🗑
|
||||
| What is kwashiorkor? | caused by a deficiency of protien intake that is superimposed on a catabolic stress event
🗑
|
||||
| What does the body use to meet metabolic needs? | carbs
🗑
|
||||
| During early phase of starvation what is used for metabolic processes? | protein
🗑
|
||||
| Once carbs are gone what is depleted to glucose for energy? | protein
🗑
|
||||
| What are the first two amino acids to be used by the liver for the formation of glucose is gluconeogeneses? | alanin and glutamine
🗑
|
||||
| In prolonged starvation what provides calories? | fat
🗑
|
||||
| How long till fat is gone? | 4-6 weeks
🗑
|
||||
| After fat is gone what is used for the increased energy needs? | protein
🗑
|
||||
| What is the job of albumin? | the maintenance of the osmotic pressure of the blood
🗑
|
||||
| As total blood volume is reduced the skin appears? | dry and wrinkled
🗑
|
||||
| What is the body organ that loses the most mass during protein deprivation? | liver
🗑
|
||||
| What contributes to malnutrition? | socioeconomic statues, cultural influences, psychologic disorders, medical conditions and medical treatments
🗑
|
||||
| What is malabsorption syndrome? | impaired absorption of nutrients from the GI tract
🗑
|
||||
| What contributes to malabsorption? | illness, major surgery, sepsis, wounds, burns, hemorrhage, fractures, and immoblization
🗑
|
||||
| Who does vitamin and mineral imbalances occur? | alcohol drug abuse, ill, and ppl who follow poor dietary prectices
🗑
|
||||
| Vitamin imbalances that cause CNS problems are usually who? | growing child
🗑
|
||||
| Vitmain imbalances that causes PNS problems are usually who? | adults
🗑
|
||||
| The rate that malnutrition develops depends on? | the quality and quantity of protein intake, caloric value, illess and age of the person
🗑
|
||||
| Malnutrition in a hopital pt usually occurs because of? | prolonged hospital stay and delayed recovery
🗑
|
||||
| Many malnourished persons are? | anemic
🗑
|
||||
| Anemia occurs because of? | lack of iron and folic acid (RBC)
🗑
|
||||
| What lab test is used for the diagnosis of malnutrition? | albumin levels
🗑
|
||||
| What is a good test for nutritonal status? | prealbumin levels
🗑
|
||||
| What decreases during states of protein dificiency? | transferrin
🗑
|
||||
| What is steatorrhea? | fatty stools seen with lowered levels of fat soluble vitamins
🗑
|
||||
| What is anthropometric measures? | gross measurements of fat and muscle contents
🗑
|
||||
| What does nutritional screening do? | identifies individuals who are malnourished or at risk for malnutrition
🗑
|
||||
| What is the purpose of nutritional screening? | to determine if a more detailed nutritional assessment is necessary
🗑
|
||||
| When is a minimum data set form used? | to obtain info about a person's nutritional status
🗑
|
||||
| The outcome and assessment information set is used to? | prompt the nurse to cellect info on diet, oral intake, dental health, swallowing difficulties, and any needs for meal assistance
🗑
|
||||
| What is a nutrtional assessment? | a comprehensive approach to defining nutrtional staus that uses medical, nutrtional, and medication histories
🗑
|
||||
| What is an easy way to determine ideal body weight? | used rule of thumb method
🗑
|
||||
| What is BMI? | a measure of weight for height
🗑
|
||||
| What BMI is considered overweight? | 25-29
🗑
|
||||
| What BMI is considered obese? | 30
🗑
|
||||
| The overall goals are that a pt with malnutrition will? | achieve weight gain, consume a number of calories per day, have no adverse consequences
🗑
|
||||
| An undernourished pt usually needs to have? | between meal supplements
🗑
|
||||
| The pt's ability to comple with the dietayr instructions must be examined in light of? | past eating habits, religious, and ethnic preferences, age, income, other resources and state of health
🗑
|
||||
| What a physiologic changes with the aging that affect the nurtrtional status of older adults? | Changes in oral cavity, Changes in digestion, Changes in endocrine system, Changes in musculoskeletal system, Decrease vision and hearing
🗑
|
||||
| Retirement or relacation to a nursing home impact? | eating habits
🗑
|
||||
| What is tube feeding? | administration of a nutritionally balanced liquefied food or formule through a tuve inserted into the stomach, duodenum or jejunum
🗑
|
||||
| Who may need a tube feeding? | anorexic, orofacial fractures, head and neck cancer, neurologic condition that prevent oral intake, extensive burns, and while taking chemo
🗑
|
||||
| Enteral nutrtion is used? | to provide nutrients by way of the GI tract ethier alone or as a supplement to oral or parenteral nutrition
🗑
|
||||
| What are delievery options of tube feedings? | infusion by pump, gravity, syringe, and cyclic feeding by infusion pump
🗑
|
||||
| What is used for short term feeding? | NG tube
🗑
|
||||
| What is a transpyloric tube used? | physiologic conditions warrant feeding the pt below the pyloric sphincer
🗑
|
||||
| What protocol should be used with feeding tubes? | pt position, patency of tube, tube postition, formula, administration of feeding, and general nursing considerations
🗑
|
||||
| How do you check tube placement? | pH
🗑
|
||||
| How is the osmolaity of the solution determine? | by the number and size of particles in solution
🗑
|
||||
| What are the prob associated with gastrostomy or jejunostory feedings? | skin irritation and pulling out of the tube
🗑
|
||||
| With aging there is decreased ability to handle? | glucose loads
🗑
|
||||
| What is parenteral nutrtion? | administration of nutrients by a route other than the GI tract
🗑
|
||||
| What is central parenteral nutrtion? | the delivery ofa nurtrtionally adequate hypertonic solution consisting of flucose, crystalline, amino acids, fat emulsion, minerals, and vitamins using a central venous route
🗑
|
||||
| What do base solutions of PN include? | dextrose and protein in form of amino acids
🗑
|
||||
| Calories in PN are supplied by? | carbs and fat
🗑
|
||||
| Overfeeding can lead to? | metabolic complications
🗑
|
||||
| The administration of fat emulsion should be used in caution wht pt's who are in? | danger of fat embolism and with pt with allergies to eggs
🗑
|
||||
| PN is administered by? | central or peripheral veins
🗑
|
||||
| Central parenteral nutrtion is given though a catheter whose top lies in the? | superior vena cava
🗑
|
||||
| PICCS are usually placed? | into the basilic or caphalic vein and then advanced into the central circulation
🗑
|
||||
| Peripheral parenteral nutrition is administered though? | a peripherally inserted catheter or vascular access device, which uses large peripheral vein
🗑
|
||||
| When is Peripheral Parenteral nutrtion used? | when nutritional support is needed for only a short time, protein and caloric requirement are not high and the risk of a central catheter is too great or parenteral nutriton is used to supplement inadequare oral intake
🗑
|
||||
| All PN solutions should be prepared by a ? | pharmacist or a trained techinician
🗑
|
||||
| What should be added after a pharmacist prepares a solution? | nothing
🗑
|
||||
| A single lumen central catheter should not be used for the? | administration of blood or antibiotics, the drawing of blood or the monitoring of central venous pressure
🗑
|
||||
| Complication of PN are? | infection, metabolic and mechanical
🗑
|
||||
| What is the hallmark of refeeding syndrome? | hypophasphatemia
🗑
|
||||
| Home nutrition therapies are? | expensive
🗑
|
||||
| Eating disorders are primarily? | psychiatric disorders
🗑
|
||||
| Anorexia nervosa is? | self imposed weight loss, endocrine dysfunction and a distorted psychopathologic attitude toward weight and eating
🗑
|
||||
| improved nutrtion is not a cure for? | anorexia
🗑
|
||||
| What is bulimia nervosa? | disorder that has frequent binge eating and self induced vomiting associated with loss of control related to eating an d persistent concern with body image
🗑
|
||||
| What disorder includes ppl who laxative, diuretics, exercise and diet drugs? | Bulimia nervosa
🗑
|
||||
| What is most suseptible to bulimia? | women college students
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
alicia.rennaker
Popular Nursing sets