Lecture Unit 1
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
|
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Articulations | Joints. Any place where 2 bones come together.
🗑
|
||||
| Mobility vs. Stability | Strength is inversely proportional to mobility. Mobile joints get damaged more. The more mobile the joint, the less stable it is.
🗑
|
||||
| FUNCTIONAL CLASSIFICATION | Based on amount of movement permitted. (3 types). Synarthrosis, Amphiarthrosis, Diarthrosis.
🗑
|
||||
| Synarthrosis | Immovable joints. Functional Classification.
🗑
|
||||
| Amphiarthrosis/Amphiarthrotic | Slightly movable joints. Functional classification.
🗑
|
||||
| Diarthrosis | Freely movable joints. Functional Classification. ex. ankle, shoulder, wrist, finger.
🗑
|
||||
| STRUCTURAL CLASSIFICATION | Based on 2 things: Material or type of CT that binds bones together & Presence or absence of joint cavity. Fibrous, Cartilaginous, or Synovial.
🗑
|
||||
| Fibrous | Connected by fibrous tissue. Gomphoses, sutures, syndesmoses.
🗑
|
||||
| Cartilaginous | Connected by cartilage. Synchondroses (Hyaline cartilage), Symphyses (Fibrocartilage).
🗑
|
||||
| Synovial | Contains joint cavity.
🗑
|
||||
| Gomphoses | Fibrous joints. Gums. Synarthrotic. peg-in-socket joint. Articulation of tooth with its socket. Periodontal ligament-attaches tooth to bone.
🗑
|
||||
| Sutures | Fibrous Joints. Synarthrotic. Bones tightly bound by minimum amount of fibrous tissue-collagen. Found only between bones of the skull. Coronal, lambdoid, sagittal, squamous.
🗑
|
||||
| Syndesmoses | Fibrous joints-structural classification. Amphiarthrotic-functional classification. Bones connected exclusively by ligaments. Ligaments connect bone to bone. Tendons connect muscle to bone. Tibiofibular joint & interosseous membrane between radius & ulna.
🗑
|
||||
| Synchondroses | Cartilaginous joints. Chondro=Cartilage. Synarthrotic. Hyaline cartilage unites the bones. Epiphyseal plates, rib-manubrium, costochondral joints.
🗑
|
||||
| Symphyses | Cartilaginous joints. Amphiarthrotic. Fibrocartilage unites bones. Pubic symphysis, intervertebral discs.
🗑
|
||||
| Synovial Joints | Diarthrotic (freely movable). Each contains fluid filled joint cavity. Glenohumeral, temporomandibular, elbow, knee, etc.
🗑
|
||||
| Articular capsule/Joint capsule | 2 layers. Outer: fibrous dense CT. Purpose: strength. Inner: Synovial membrane-makes synovial fluid. Purpose: Lubrication.
🗑
|
||||
| Accessory Structures | Bursa (and tendon sheath). Fat Pads. Tendons
🗑
|
||||
| Bursa (and tendon sheath) | Fibrous sac filled with synovial fluid. Found where bones, ligaments, muscles, skin, or tendons overlie one another and rub together.
🗑
|
||||
| Fat Pads | Help protect the joint. Shock absorption.
🗑
|
||||
| Tendons | Attach muscle to bone. Muscle turns into tendons. Shiny.
🗑
|
||||
| Ligament | Connects bone to bone.
🗑
|
||||
| Fibular collateral ligament | AKA Lateral collateral ligament. Prevents hyperadduction of the knee. Holds the knee in place. Be able to label.
🗑
|
||||
| Tibial collateral ligament | AKA Medial collateral ligament. MCL. Prevent hyperabduction of the knee. Holds knee in place. Be able to label.
🗑
|
||||
| Anterior cruciate ligament | ACL. Where it attaches to tibia. Keeps the tibia from sliding forward. Prevents anterior movement of the tibia and posterior movement of the femur. Be able to label.
🗑
|
||||
| Posterior cruciate ligament | PCL. Where it attaches to tibia. Prevents posterior movement of the tibia and anterior movement of the femur. Keep tibia from sliding back. Be able to label.
🗑
|
||||
| Medial and lateral meniscus | Made of fibrocartilage. Shock absorption.
🗑
|
||||
| Knee ligaments | ACL, PCL, MCL, LCL, Medial and lateral meniscus.
🗑
|
||||
| Arthritis | Inflammatory or degenerative diseases that damage joints.
🗑
|
||||
| Gouty Arthritis | Uric acid crystals in joint cavity. (Kidney stones in your joints). Dehydration increases chances.
🗑
|
||||
| Osteoarthritis | Chronic degenerative condition; "wear and tear." Hurts more at night. Most people get this.
🗑
|
||||
| Rheumatoid arthritis | Autoimmune disease; chronic inflammatory disorder. Antibodies destroy articular cartilage. Bone spurs form. Painful to break. Bones fully fuse in the end. Hurts more in the morning.
🗑
|
||||
| Lever Systems | Lever, Fulcrum, Effort, Load. For movement around joints. 1st, 2nd, or 3rd class. 123, FRE.
🗑
|
||||
| Lever | Rigid bar that moves. Location: Long bones.
🗑
|
||||
| Fulcrum | Fixed point. Location: Joint.
🗑
|
||||
| Effort | Applied force. Location: Muscle insertion.
🗑
|
||||
| Load | Resistance. Location: Weight of body part.
🗑
|
||||
| 1st, 2nd, or 3rd class levers | 123, FRE. 1=Fulcrum in middle. 2=Resistance (load) in middle. 3=Effort in middle.
🗑
|
Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Created by:
punkaloo
Popular Science sets