Vocab Genetics
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Allele | each form of a gene
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| Dominant Trait | Stronger trait in genetics (uses a capital letter)
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| Gene | one set of instructions for an inherited trait
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| Chromosome | organelle that directs activities of the cell & passes it on to new cells (contains genes)
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| Genotype | genetic makeup of an organism
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| Heredity | passing on of traits from one generation to another
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| Hybrid (Heterozygous) | organism with two different alleles for a particular trait (Example: Tt)
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| Incomplete Dominance | occurs when a gene is neither dominant nor recessive (genes blend)
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| Phenotype | visible physical characteristics of an organism
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| Probability | the possibility that an event will take place
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| Purebred (Homozygous) | organism with two of the same genes for a partiular trait (Examples: TT, tt)
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| Recessive | weaker trait in genetics that may be hidden,represented with a lower case letter
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| Gregor Mendel | Father of Genetics
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| Punnett Square | chart that shows the possible gene (allele) combinations in a cross
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| Homozygous | Purebred
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| Heterozygous | Hybrid
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| genetic engineering | manipulating individual genes within an organism
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| mutation | change in genes or chromosomes that cause a new trait to be inherited
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| pedigree | a diagram that shows the occurence of a genetic trait in several generations of a family.
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| probability | the possibility that an event will take place
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| meiosis | process by which sex cells are produced. At the end of the process sex cells have 1/2 the number of chromosomes
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| xx | Genotype for human female
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| xy | genotype for human male
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| sex-linked traits | traits that are passed on from parent of offspring on the x chromsome
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| adenine | the nitrogen base that always partners up with thymine
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| guanine | the nitrogen base that always parterns up with cytosine
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| cytosine | nitrogen base that always pairs up with guanine
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| thymine | the nitrogen base that always pairs up with adenine
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