Equine njc SEPT 30-
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| After h2o what is the most important nutrient? | Energy
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| What is BASAL MAINTENCE REQUIREMENT? | min amount of feed to keep a horse alive
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| How much more energy does it take a horse to stand? | 50% more
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| What are three things energy is needed for? | 1) all work 2)all body functions 3)to heat the body
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| Energy is supplied by what? | Carbs. and fats
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| What is the most abundent source of energy? | Carbs
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| Fats supply how much more energy than Carbs? | 2.25 times more
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| What are two common causes of low energy in horses? | Heavy parasite load and Dental problems
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| What are three things that can make h20 toxic? | 1)algae 2)Pesticides 3)Nittrates
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| What tempeture h20 do horses prefer? | 40*-45*
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| A lactating mare will drink how much more water? | 3 times more
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| What are four ways water consumption can be encouraged? | 1)Carrying your own h20 2)Flavor h2o 3)Teach horse to drink from the hose 4)Wet down feed
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| When is over consumption of water more likely to happen? | When there is an auto waterer.
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| When do horses sweat more? | When they work or when their nervous.
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| How long does the horse's skin take if their not dehydated? | 2-3 seconds
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| How long does the horse's skin take if they are mildly dehyrated? | 3-6 Seconds
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| How long does the horse's skin take if they are severly dehydraed? | 6-10 seconds
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| In 0* how much water do they drink per pound of feed? | 1 quart
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| At 100* how much water does a horse drink per puond of feed? | 1 gallon
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| How much water does a horse drink? | 1 gallon per 100 pounds.
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| When do horses drink more? | Summer
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| Grass hay is what percent h2o? | 60-70%
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| Alfalfa hay is what % h2o? | 10%
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| What tempeture do horses like the weather to be? | 50- 60*
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| Activity may increase water requirements by what %? | 20-300%
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| What % concentrate should be feed with 80% hay? | 30%
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| What are four things that water helps with? | 1) Solvent 2)Lubrication 3)Helps with Body temp. 4) Waste Removal
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| Describe the 1882 French Experiment. | Horses could live 5-6 days w/o water, but could live 20-25 days w/o food if they had water.
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| What is the Ideal tempeture for a horse's water? | 45-50*
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| The P.V.T. in P.V.T. T.I.M. H.A.L.L. stands for what? | Phenyaline Valine Tryptophan
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| What does theT.I.M. stand for in P.V.T. T.I.M. H.A.L.L.? | Theolaline Isoucine Methionine
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| What does the H.A.L.L. stand for in P.V.T. T.I.M. H.A.L.L.? | Histodine Argonine Leucine Lysine
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| Horses have a simple stomic, but a complicated.... | Large intestant
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| What % of the day is spent eating? | 50-75%
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| What will cause a horse not to eat? | Nose burnt or sharp teeth
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| What are the four salivay glands? | 1)Parotid gland 2)Mandible 3)sublingual 4)Buccal
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| How long is the esophogus? | 4-5 feet and prevents vomiting
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| What % of the digestive track is stomic? | 9%
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| In the stomic what breaks down food? | Latic acid
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| How much does the stomic hold? | 15 quarts
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| How long is the small intestint? | 70 feet
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| How much does the small intestant hold? | 17 gallons
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| What is the small intestant a major site of? | soluble carbs, fat and protien and minerals
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| How long is the large intestant? | 30 feet
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| How many quarts does the large intestine hold? | 32 gallons
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| How old is a horse when the cecum developes? | 1 yr old
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| What % of the digestive track is cecum? | 16%
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| What can the cecum do? | Digest high amounts of roughages and water
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| The large colon is what % of the digestive track? | 45%
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| What happens in the small colon? | Water is removed from feces
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| What are 4 reasons that water is important? | 1 solvent 2 Lubrication 3 Helps body temp 4 waste removel
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| After water what is the most important nutrient? | Energy
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| What is Basal Maintence Requirement? | Min. amount of feed to keep a horse alive
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| Energy is needed for what? | 1) All work 2)all body functions 3)To heat the body
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| What is energy supplied by? | CARBS AND FATS
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| What is the most abundent source of energy? | CARBS
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| fats supply how much more energy than carbs? | 2.25 times
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| What are two common causes of inadequate energy in the horse? | 1)parisite load 2)Dental Problems
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| What is monday morning sickness? | Condition in which the horse experiences prolonged muscle contractions during exercise.
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| what are the symptoms of monday morning sickness? | colic, muscel tremmors, hesitation to move
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| What do you do to treat monday morning sickness? | Feed the right amount for the work load, vitamin e and bute
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| describe a horse that should be fed maintence? | Less than one hour
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| Describe a horse that should be fed light work? | 1-3 hours
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| describe the work load of a medium working horse. | 3-5 hours driving, showing, ranch
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| Describe the work load for a very hard working horse. | 5-8 hours, pen riders, polo, racing
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| how much greater is the energy need for racing verses the energy need for walking. | 70 time more
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| Conditioning horses can utilize fat more efficently than... | an uncondioned one
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| Increase in dietary fat may increase need for what? | vitamines
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| Diet is not a subtatute for what? | Good training
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| Repalxing oats with corn resulted in better what? | racing time
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| What is a good way to see mold on corn? | Black light
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| what are five things excess energy can cause? | 1
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| Catalyist | A substance ussaly used in small amounts relitave to the reactions that modifies and increasesthe rate of reaction w/o beinign consumed in the process
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| Anabolism is what? | The metabolisum in wich simple are sinthisized n2 the complex materials of living tissue
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| What are the 4 Fat soluble vitamines? | 1. vit. a 2.vit .k 3.vit e 4. vitamine d
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| What are the water soluble vitamines? | B complexes and biotine and vit c
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| Where are the fat soluble vitamines absorbd? | In the small intestine
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| How long can fat soluble vitamines be stored in the liver? | 3 months
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| What may be to toxic in large quanityies? | Fat soluble vitamins
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| What can cause the loss of fat soluble vitamines? | mineral oil
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| Where are the water soluble vitamines absorbed? | small and larg intestine
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| Are water soluble vitamines stored or depleted quickly? | Depleted quickly
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| Can water soluble vitamines be toxic? | Rarely
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| Multiple vitamine defienties are more common than what? | Single vitamine defintecies
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| How can you identify vitamin a? | by a green color
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| What does nitrogen help plants do? | Grow
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| What are diffenrt factors effecting the amount of carotene in hay. | plant maturity, species, sunlight, rain, and harvest conditions
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| What percent of carotene can be lost in storeage? | 80%
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| What % loss is there often lost in hay stored for 6 months? | 50%
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| What is colotrum? | Immunity and vitamine a produced in the first 24 hours
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| How long should a mare produce milk for a foal? | 3 months
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| What does a deficiency in vit. a cause | 1)night blindness 2)Respiratory problems 3)Abnormal hoof growth 4)bad foals
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| What vitamine are feeds generally low in? | Vitamin d
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| How can horse get all the vitamin d they need? | Beining outside for aa day
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| what can a vitamin d deficiency cause? | unsoundness problems
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| What are two reasons for vitamin E supplementation today? | Unsufficient in feed and hay, due to drying and winter
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| High levels of vitamin help help what during high levels of stress? | Immune levels
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| Vitamin k deffeciiency may be caused by what two factors? | a)Dicoumerol b)lack of green food
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| Where do they get dicoumerol? | Sweet moldy clover
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| What is vitamin k important for? | blood clotting
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| Where is thiamin synthesized in? | the cecum
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| What % of thiamin is absorbed in the cecum | 25%
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