med term chapter 12
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| adenoid/o | adenoids
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| alveol/o | alveolus, air sack
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| bronch/o | bronchial tube, bronchus
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| bronchi/o | bronchial tube, bronchus
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| bronchiol/o | bronchiole, small bronchus
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| capn/o | carbon dioxide
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| coni/o | dust
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| cyan/o | blue
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| epiglott/o | epiglottis
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| laryng/o | larynx, voice box
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| lob/o | lobe of the lung
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| mediastin/o | mediastinum
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| nas/o | nose
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| orth/o | straight, upright
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| ox/o | oxygen
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| pector/o | chest
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| pharyng/o | pharynx, throat
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| phon/o | voice
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| phren/o | diaphragm
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| pleur/o | pleura
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| pneum/o | air, lung
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| pneumon/o | air, lung
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| pulmon/o | lung
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| rhin/o | nose
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| sinus/o | sinus
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| spir/o | breathing
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| tel/o | complete
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| thorac/o | chest
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| tonsill/o | tonsils
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| trache/o | trachea, windpipe
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| -ema | condition
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| -osmia | smell
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| -pnea | breathing
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| -ptysis | spitting
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| -sphyxia | pulse
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| -thorax | pleural cavity, chest
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| auscultation | listening to sounds within the body
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| percussion | tapping on a surface to determine the difference in the density of the underlying structure
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| pleural rub | scratchy sound produced by pleural surfaces rubbing against each other
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| rales | (crackles) fine crackling sounds heard on auscultation (during inhalation) when there is fluid in the alveoli
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| rhonchi | (singular rhonchus) loud rumbling sounds heard on ascultation of bronchi obstructed by sputum
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| sputum | material expelled from the bronchi, lungs, or upper respiratory tract by spitting
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| C & S | culture and sensitivity (used to identify sputum pathologies)
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| stridor | strained, high-pitched sound heard on inspiration caused by obstruction in the pharynx or larynx
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| wheezes | continuous high-pitched whistling sounds produced during breathing
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| croup | acute viral infection of infants and children with obstruction of the larynx, barking cough, and stridor
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| epistaxis | nosebleed
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| asthma | chronic bronchial inflammatory disorder with airway obstruction due to bronchial edema and constriction and increased mucus production
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| bronchiectasis | chronic dilation of a bronchus secondary to infection
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| palliative | releaves symptoms, but is not cured
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| chronic bronchitis | inflammation of bronchi persisting over a long time; type of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
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| atelectasis | collapsed lung; incomplete expansion of alveoli
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| emphysema | hyperinflation of air sacs with destruction of alveolar walls
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| pneumoconiosis | abnormal condition caused by dust in the lungs, with chronic inflammation
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| anthracosis | coal dust (black lung disease)
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| asbestosis | particles in lung (shipbuilding/construction)
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| silicosis | glass in lung (grinder's disease)
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| byssinasis | "brown lung" (dust from fibers)
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| nonsocomial pneumonia | hospital-acquired pneumonia
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| pulmonary embolism | (PE) clot or other material lodges in vessels of the lung
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| sarcoidosis | chronic inflammatory disease in which small nodules (granulomas) develop in lungs, lymph nodes, and other organs
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| mesothelioma | rare malignant tumor arising in the pleura
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| pleural effusion | abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pleural space (cavity)
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| pneumothorax | collection of air in the pleural space
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| bronchoscopy | fiberoptic endoscope examination of the bronchial tubes
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| pulmonary function tests | (PFTs) tests that measure the ventilation mechanics of the lungs
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| thoracentesis | surgical puncture to remove fluid from the pleural space
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| tracheostomy | surgical creation of an opening into the trachea through the neck
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| tuberculin test | determines past or present tuberculous infection based on positive skin reaction
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| tube thoracostomy | chest tube is passed through an opening in the chest to continuously drain a pleural effusion
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| ARDS | acute respiratory distress syndrome
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| Bronch | bronchoscopy
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| CO2 | carbon dioxide
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| COPD | Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
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| CPAP | continuous positive airway pressure
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| CPR | cardiopulmonary resuscitation
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| CXR | chest x ray
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| PCP | pneumocystis pneumonia (deals with AIDS)
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| PE | pulmonary embolism
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| PFTs | pulmonary function tests
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| PPD | purified protein derivative
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| RDS | respiratory distress syndrome
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| SOB | shortness of breath
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| TB | tuberculosis
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| V/Q Scan | ventilation-perfusion scan
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| internal respiration | (cellular respiration) involves exchange of gases at the level of the cells within all organs of the body
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| external respiration | exchange of air at the lungs
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| adenoids | lymphatic tissue in the nasopharynx; pharyngeal tonsils
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