Vital/Signs (up dated)
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| If you note any abnormality or change in any vital sign, it is your responsibility to | report this immediately to your supervisor.
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| A clinical thermometer should be left in position for | three to five minutes for an oral or rectal temperature.
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| What detects and measures the thermal, infrared energy radiating from blood vessels in the tympanic membrane. | An aural thermometer
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| If a clinical thermometer breaks what could happen? | the mercury can evaporate and create a toxic vapor that can harm both humans and the environment.
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| What must be worn while taking a rectal temperature. | Gloves must be worn
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| A pulse rate below 60 beats per minute is called: | bradycardia
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| Having the forearm rest on the chest makes it easier to: | count respirations after taking a pulse.
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| One respiration | consists of one inspiration and one expiration.
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| Count respirations in such a way that the patient is | unaware of the procedure.
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| Medications such as aspirin or antibiotics are often noted on | a graphic record
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| What should always be used to connect the dots on a graphic record. | A ruler or straightedge
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| What is frequently taken on infants or small children. | An apical pulse
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| What should be bent forward when they are placed in the ears. | The earpieces of the stethoscope
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| What frequently occurs when the heart is weak and not pumping a sufficient amount of blood. | A pulse deficit
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| For the most accurate determination of a pulse deficit, one person should check the apical pulse while | a second person checks the radial pulse.
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| What should be cleaned with alcohol before and after using the stethoscope. | The earpieces and bell or diaphragm of the stethoscope
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| What is indicated when pressures are greater than 140 mm Hg systolic and 90 mm Hg diastolic. | Hypertension
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| What must always be placed on a flat, level surface or mounted on a wall. | A mercury sphygmomanometer
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| Before blood pressure is taken a patient should sit quietly for | at least five minutes
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| Who recommends that two separate blood pressure readings be taken and averaged. | The American Heart Association
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| A sphygmomanometer cuff that is too wide or too narrow | will give inaccurate blood pressure readings
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| Many health care professionals are now regarding the degree of pain as the | fifth vital sign.
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| If hypertension is not treated, it can lead to: | a stroke, kidney disease, and/or heart disease.
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| The measurement of the balance between heat produced and heat lost is ____. | temperature
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| The constant state of fluid balance is __ | homeostasis
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| The most accurate method for taking a temperature is ____. | rectal
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| Which of the following does not lead to increased body temperature? a. illness or infection, b. exercise, c. starvation or fasting, d. excitement | starvation or fasting
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| Before a thermometer is used, it should be soaked in a disinfectant for a minimum of ____. | 30 minutes
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| A pulse site at the neck is the ____. | carotid
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| A pulse is described as regular or irregular by its ____. | rhythm
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| A pulse rate over 100 beats per minute, except in children, is ____. | tachycardia
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| Which of the following is not considered one of the four main vital signs? a. apical pulse, b. pulse, c. temperature, d. respirations | apical pulse
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| Difficult or labored respirations is called ____. | dyspnea
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| Cheyne-Stokes respiration describes periods of ____. | apnea and dyspnea
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| Why are vital signs recorded on a graphic record? | It provides a visual diagram of variations in a person’s vital signs.
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| Heart sounds are caused by ____. | closing of the valves in the heart
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| Constant pressure in the walls of the arteries is called____. | diastolic
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| A factor that does not increase blood pressure is ____. | shock
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| Another term for fever is ____. | pyrexia
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| Difficult breathing with a high-pitched whistling or sighing sound during expiration is ____. | wheezing
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| 97.6 to 99.6°F or 36.5 to 37.5°C | Normal range for oral temperature
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| 98.6 to 100.6°F or 37 to 38.1°C | Normal range for rectal temperature
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| 96.6 to 98.6°F or 36 to 37°F | Normal range for axillary or groin temperature
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| The general range for pulse rates in adults? | 60 to 90 beats per minute
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| Three factors must be noted about the pulse? | rate, rhythm, volume
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| What is the normal rate for respirations in an adult? | 14 to 18 (or 12 to 20) breaths per minute
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| The normal range for diastolic blood pressure? | 60 to 90 mm of mercury
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| What is the normal range for systolic blood pressure? | 100 to 140 mm of mercury
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| Rest or sleep, depressant drugs, shock, excessive loss of blood, fasting | factors that may decrease blood pressure.
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| Stress, anxiety, obesity, high salt intake, aging, kidney disease, thyroid deficiency, arteriosclerosis | possible causes of hypertension.
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| Calculate the pulse pressure if diastolic pressure is 95 and systolic pressure is 140. | 45
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| Calculate the pulse deficit if the radial pulse is 98 and the apical pulse is 72. | 26
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| What type of thermometer records the aural temperature in the ear? | A tympanic thermometer
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| A temporal temperature is similar to a rectal temperature because it measures: | the temperature inside the body or bloodstream
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| Prehypertension occurs when | the diastolic reading is between 80 to 89 mm Hg
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| The correct way to measure blood pressure is | the length of the bladder on the cuff should be approximately 80 percent of the circumference of the patient's upper arm
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| A nursing assistant notes a patient's blood pressure to be 148/96. What would be the best action the assistant should take | report the reading to the patient's nurse
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| you were assigned to take vital signs on an 80 year old male nursing home resident who was recently admitted after having a stroke. vital signs were B/P 130/90, T 99.4F, P 92, R 32. Which vital sign reflects a measurement within normal limits? | temperature
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| Which patient is the BEST candidate for an oral temperature? a. 1 year old healthy infant, b. 16 year old receiving his annual physical exam, c. 21 year old patient on seizure precautions, d. 62 year old comatose patient | 16 year old receiving his annual physical exam
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| A patient with tachcardia MOST likely has a/an: a. elevated temperature, b. elevated blood pressure, c. fast pulse, d. increased respiratory rate | c. fast pulse
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| The LEAST accurate route for measuring temperature is: a. aural, b. axillary, c. oral, d. rectal | axillary
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| Which is considered to be an elevated temperature? a. aural 37.2C, b. axillary 38.4 C, c. oral 37C, d. rectal 37.8C | axillary 38.4C
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| Pulse rates are commonly measured at which site? a. apical, b. brachial, c. carotid, d. radial | radial
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| What is the respiratory rate of a patient who is observed to have 16 inspirations and 16 expirations? | 16
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| In a blood pressure measure measurement of 132/86, the number 86 is the: | systolic
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| Before taking vital signs on a patient, what should you do FIRST? | introduce your self
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| In order to avoid errors, whose approved list of abbreviations should you use when documenting vital signs? | your employer
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| How does the pulse rate and respiratory rate of a healthy toddler compare to that of a health 21 year old? | higher pulse, higher respirations
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| The terms, weak and thready, are MOST usually associated with which vital sign measurement | respirations
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| Which thermometer requires it be "shaken down"? | glass
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| In which procedure is lubricant required? | rectal temperature
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| A febrile patient will exhibit a/an: | elevated temperature
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| When taking a pulse, why should the thumb NOT be used? | the thumb has a pulse and can be confused with the patient's pulse
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| The bladder of a blood pressure cuff needs to cover what percent of the length of the upper arm? | 80%
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