Childhood Development - School Age Child (6-12 yrs.)
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| Physical Development: girls vs. boys | last period when they are both close in size and body proportions
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| Physical Changes | -first deciduous tooth lost, permanent teeth appear - jaw shape changes
-body organs and immune system mature - fewer illnesses, medications cause fewer side effects, urinary system can adjust to changes in fluid status
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| Physical Skills | - are refined as school aged child begins to play sports
- fine motor skills are well developed through school activities
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| Growth Spurt | - may start at age 9-10 for girls
- may start at age 10-11 for boys
- means increased nutritional needs
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| Dental Changes | - loss of first deciduous tooth at 6 yrs. of age
- 22-26 permanent teeth (of the 32) erupt by age 12
- monitor child closely for proper tooth brushing and flossing
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| Cognitive Development: Piaget - Concrete Operational Thought | - child considers alternative solutions and solve problems
- thought content formed by concrete experiences and materials
- concept of conservation (pouring water from large glass into tall skinny glass - the amount doesn't change) -> nursing implicatio
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| Phsychosocial Development: Erikson - Play | - cooperative play -- interacts with others to accomplish tasks
- child develops sense of accomplishment from activities and relationships
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| Psychosocial Development: Erikson - Personality and Temperament | - slow-to-warm-up child may need encouragement to try new activities and to share experiences with others
- the "easy" child will readily adapt to new schools, people, and experiences
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| Psychosocial Developmt.: Erikson - Communication | - should learn to correct any lingering pronunciation or grammatical errors
- likes to write --> nurse should encourage journal writing during hospital stay
- nurse provides concrete examples of pictures or materials to accompany verbal descriptions
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| Sexuality | - children deal much more consciously with sexuality
- nurse must teach factual information about sex
- ask child about sexual issues to learn how much he knows
- appropriate and inappropriate touch should be discussed
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Created by:
csatlose
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