All review information for 6th grade Cell Biology Final
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| What is the function of a nucleus? | Controls the function of a cell.
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| What is the function of the nucleolus? | Produces Ribosome.
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| What is the function of a chromosome? | Controls growth and reproduction.
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| What is the function of a ribosome? | Produces proteins.
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| What is the function of the endoplasmic reticulum? | Transports proteins throughout the cell.
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| What is the function of the golgi complex? | Packages proteins.
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| What is the function of the cytoplasm? | Jelly-like fluid that supports the organelles within a cell.
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| What is the function of a the cell membrane? | Controls movement into and out of the cell.
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| What is the function of a lysosome? | Removes waste from the cell.
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| What is the function of a vacuole? | Stores water, waste and other raw materials.
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| What is the function of the mitochondria? | Provides energy to the cell.
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| What is the function of a chloroplast? | The location of photosynthesis in a plant cell.
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| What is the function of a cell wall? | Provides support and protection to plant cells.
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| What is the primary shape of a plant cell and how does this compare to an animal cell? | Plants are rectangular while animals are circular.
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| What process can plant cells do that animal cells cannot? | Plants can perform photosynthesis while animals cannot.
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| Which organelle do plants have only a large one vs. animals have many small ones? | Vacuole
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| What provides plants support and protection but is missing in animal cells? | a cell wall.
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| What is a eukaryotic cell? | a cell with a nucleus such as plant and animal cells.
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| What is a prokaryotic cell? | cells without nucleus such as bacteria.
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| What are extremophile cells? | cells that live in extreme environments such as salt-loving, heat-loving and methane-making bacteria.
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| Who discovered cells? | Hooke
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| Who discovered that plants are made of cells? | Schleiden
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| Who discovered that animals are made of cells? | Schwann
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| Who discovered single cell organisms? | Leuwenhoek
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| Who disproved sponaneous generation? | Pasteur
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| Who discovered that cells come from pre-existing cells? | Virchow
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| What does the cell theory say about where cells come from? | Cells come from other cells.
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| What does the cell theory say is the basic unit of life? | the cell
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| What is the smallest number of cells needed for an organism to be alive? | one
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| Over many generations polar bears grow bigger feet to allow it to easily walk on ice, this is what type of living characteristic? | Living things can adapt.
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| When a bee gets angry when it's hive is disturbed, this is what type of living characteristic? | Living things can respond/react.
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| When a female dog has puppies, this is what type of living characteristic? | Living things can reproduce.
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| When a human starts as a baby but becomes an adult, this is what type of living characteristic? | Living things can grow and develop.
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| Schleiden and Schwann proved that plants and animals are made of these. This is what type of living characteristic? | Living things are made of cells.
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| When wolves attack cattle (cows) for food, this is what type of living characteristic? | Living things can obtain and use energy.
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| Prokaryotic cells | do not have a nucleus
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| Eukaryotic cells | have a nucleus
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| Most abundant cell on earth | Prokaryotic cells; bacteria
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| Animals and plants are this type of cell | Eukaryotic
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| 3 types of archeabacteria | methane-making, heat-loving, salt-loving
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| Which cell is larger, prokaryotic or eukaryotic? why? | Eukaryotic becuase it can be multi-cellular
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| what does multi-cellular mean? | More than 1 cell
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| What is osmosis? | the diffusion of water
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| What is diffusion? | The movement of particles from high concentration to low concentration.
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| What does semi-permeable mean? | Only certain things can get in or out.
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| Which organelle is semi-permeable? | the cell membrane.
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| List the 6 stages of the cell cycle. | Interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, cytokinesis
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| The "resting" phase of mitosis | Interphase
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| Nucleus breaks apart; chromosomes look like a bowl of spaghetti | Prophase
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| Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell. | Metaphase
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| Chromosomes move to each side of the cell. Copied ones on a side and original on the other side. | Anaphase
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| Nucleus begins to reform around each set of chromosomes. | Telophase
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| Cell pinches off creating two new daughter cells. | Cytokinesis
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| sexual reproduction | two parent reproduction resulting in different offspring.
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| asexual reproduction | single parent reproduction resulting in identical offspring.
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| sexual reproduction advantage | offspring are different
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| sexual reproduction disadvantage | slow process taking months to create offspring
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| asexual reproduction advantage | fast process taking minutes to hours to create offspring
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| asexual reproduction disadvantage | offspring are identical
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