Study Guide
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Vital signs (defn.) | assessments related to breathing, pulse, skin, pupils, and blood pressure
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Vital signs (exam) | B-Breathing
P-Pulse
S-Skin
B-Blood Pressure
P-Pupils
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Respiratory rate range for adult patients is: | at rest is 8-24 per minute
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Elderly patients have a higher average of chest rises per minute with: | 20
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Elderly patients also have a decreased: | Tidal Volume
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If either respiratory rate OR tidal volume inadequate, then: | Positive Pressure Ventilation must be initiated
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Respiratory quality is another word for: | Tidal volume; volume of air moving in and out of the lungs with each breath
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Labored breathing | indicated by abnormal sound of grunting or stridor (harsh high-[itched sound)
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Noisy breathing | including snoring, wheezing, gurgling, crowning, or stridor.
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Carotid artery | either side of neck
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femoral artery | crease btw lower abdomen
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radial artery | proximal to the thumb on wrist
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brachial artery | medial aspect of the arm, btw shoulder and elbow
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popliteal artery | crease behind knee
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posterier tibial artery | behind malleolus(ankle bone)
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dorsalis pedis artery | top of foot on great-toe side
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Which artery should be used on all patients 1 or older? | Radial artery
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tachycardia | heart rate greater than 100 bpm
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bradycardia | heart rate less than 60 bpm
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capillary refill | time it takes for capillaries to fill up with blood again
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Diaphoresis | profuse sweating
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pulsus paradoxus | increase in strength of pulse during inspiratory phase of patient. Could indicate cardic injury or illness
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Dilated pupils (big) | cardiac arrest, use of certain drugs (LSD, amphetamines, atropine, cocaine).
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Constricted pupils (small) | central nervous system disorder, use of narcotics, glaucoma meds, or bright environment
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unequal pupils | stroke, head injury, eyedrops
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Reactivity | (pupils changing in size response to light in eye)
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Un responsiveness in eye | cardiac arrest, brain injury, drug intoxication or overdose
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consensual reflex | Both pupils havin the same response when a light in shining in only one eye
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blood pressure | pressure exerted on the walls of arteries by blood flowing through them
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systolic BP | top # in BP. amount of pressure exerted on walls of arteries during contraction and ejection of blood from left ventricle
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T or F? Pulse is an assessment of the systolic BP? | T, correlates w the wave of blood that creates a pulse
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diastolic BP | pressure exerted against the walls of the arteries while the left ventricle of the heart is at rest
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Diastolic related to BOTH amount of blood in the artery and diameter of the artery? T or F? | T
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orthostatic vital signs | comparison of blood pressure and heart rate readings while a patient is supine and while sitting upright or standing.
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