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Study Guide

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Question
Answer
Vital signs (defn.)   assessments related to breathing, pulse, skin, pupils, and blood pressure  
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Vital signs (exam)   B-Breathing P-Pulse S-Skin B-Blood Pressure P-Pupils  
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Respiratory rate range for adult patients is:   at rest is 8-24 per minute  
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Elderly patients have a higher average of chest rises per minute with:   20  
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Elderly patients also have a decreased:   Tidal Volume  
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If either respiratory rate OR tidal volume inadequate, then:   Positive Pressure Ventilation must be initiated  
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Respiratory quality is another word for:   Tidal volume; volume of air moving in and out of the lungs with each breath  
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Labored breathing   indicated by abnormal sound of grunting or stridor (harsh high-[itched sound)  
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Noisy breathing   including snoring, wheezing, gurgling, crowning, or stridor.  
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Carotid artery   either side of neck  
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femoral artery   crease btw lower abdomen  
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radial artery   proximal to the thumb on wrist  
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brachial artery   medial aspect of the arm, btw shoulder and elbow  
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popliteal artery   crease behind knee  
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posterier tibial artery   behind malleolus(ankle bone)  
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dorsalis pedis artery   top of foot on great-toe side  
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Which artery should be used on all patients 1 or older?   Radial artery  
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tachycardia   heart rate greater than 100 bpm  
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bradycardia   heart rate less than 60 bpm  
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capillary refill   time it takes for capillaries to fill up with blood again  
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Diaphoresis   profuse sweating  
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pulsus paradoxus   increase in strength of pulse during inspiratory phase of patient. Could indicate cardic injury or illness  
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Dilated pupils (big)   cardiac arrest, use of certain drugs (LSD, amphetamines, atropine, cocaine).  
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Constricted pupils (small)   central nervous system disorder, use of narcotics, glaucoma meds, or bright environment  
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unequal pupils   stroke, head injury, eyedrops  
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Reactivity   (pupils changing in size response to light in eye)  
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Un responsiveness in eye   cardiac arrest, brain injury, drug intoxication or overdose  
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consensual reflex   Both pupils havin the same response when a light in shining in only one eye  
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blood pressure   pressure exerted on the walls of arteries by blood flowing through them  
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systolic BP   top # in BP. amount of pressure exerted on walls of arteries during contraction and ejection of blood from left ventricle  
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T or F? Pulse is an assessment of the systolic BP?   T, correlates w the wave of blood that creates a pulse  
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diastolic BP   pressure exerted against the walls of the arteries while the left ventricle of the heart is at rest  
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Diastolic related to BOTH amount of blood in the artery and diameter of the artery? T or F?   T  
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orthostatic vital signs   comparison of blood pressure and heart rate readings while a patient is supine and while sitting upright or standing.  
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