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Anatomy: Final Exam

Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in each of the black spaces below before clicking on it to display the answer.
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Question
Answer
show locally, through the blood, and through the lymphatic system  
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What is 1 way cancer spreads unnaturally?   show
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How do carcinomas spread?   show
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show blood  
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show less  
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Are the positioning laser dangerous to look at?   show
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TD 5/5 kidney   show
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show 6500  
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TD 5/5 femoral heads   show
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TD 5/5 TMJ   show
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show 5000  
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show 4500  
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show 5000  
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show 5000  
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TD 5/5 chiasm   show
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TD 5/5 spinal cord   show
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TD 5/5 cauda equina   show
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show 6000  
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TD 5/5 eye lens   show
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show 4500  
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TD 5/5 parotid   show
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TD 5/5 Larynx   show
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TD 5/5 Lung   show
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TD 5/5 Heart   show
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show 5500  
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TD 5/5 stomach   show
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show 4000  
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show 4500  
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show 6000  
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show 3000  
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show nucleolus  
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show it is where the chromosomes make ribosomal RNA to make the ribosomes  
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show the genetic material is found in this and it controls the cells  
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show to build proteins  
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Vesicle   show
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Rough ER   show
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Golgi apparatus   show
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Cytoskeleton   show
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show produces lipids, cholesterol, etc.  
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Mitochondria   show
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Vacuole   show
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show dissolved material/fluid  
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Lysosome   show
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Centriole   show
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Programmed cell death that rids your body of damaged cells.   show
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show  
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show DNA replication is the biological process by which a cell produces an identical copy of its DNA. This process is essential for cell division, ensuring that each daughter cell receives the same genetic information as the parent cell.  
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show nucleus  
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show DNA replication occurs during the S phase (synthesis phase) of the cell cycle, which is part of interphase. Interphase occurs before cell division (mitosis or meiosis).  
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show stratum corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, stratum basal, dermis  
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The pigment cell of the epidermis   show
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The waterproofing agent of the epidermis   show
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ABCDE method for identifying cancer.   show
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show basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma  
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show 97%  
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What is the most common type of skin cancer?   show
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What is the second most common type of skin cancer?   show
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show keratinizing cells  
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show melanoma  
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What type of skin cancer can be spread from mother to fetus?   show
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show merkel cell carcinoma  
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show kaposi sarcoma  
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This type of skin cancer arises in lymphocytes and is also called cutaneous T-cell lymphoma.   show
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Radiation therapy for limited field(s) - electrons   show
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Radiation therapy for total skin - electrons   show
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show -must be treated w/in 24-48 hours of sx -1200-2000 cGy (1,2, or 3 fx) over 5 to 7 days  
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show early transient erythema and hours after  
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show faint erythema; epilation and 7-10 days after  
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Grade 2 skin reaction for 12-20 Gy and when is the onset?   show
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show dry desquamation and 3-4 weeks after  
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show moist desquamation and more than 4 weeks  
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Grade 4 skin reaction for over 40 Gy and when is the onset?   show
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List the functions of bone.   show
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**Identify layers of bone. Reference PPT   show
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show osteoblastic  
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show osteolytic  
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How do mets from breast present?   show
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What is the most commonly diagnosed bone tumor?   show
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What is the most commonly diagnosed primary bone tumor?   show
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What is the second most commonly diagnosed primary bone tumor?   show
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Involuntary muscle   show
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Voluntary muscle   show
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What is the method behind naming soft tissue tumors?   show
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show transport oxygen and nutrients, remove waste from cells, heal injuries/infections, and regulate body temperature.  
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show the embryonic stem cells that have the unlimited capacity to divide, self-renew and differentiate into cells of early primary germ cell layers, namely mesoderm, endoderm, and ectoderm  
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show is the creation of blood cells and plasma from stem cells, a vital process for life and health  
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show myelosuppression  
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show pancytopenia  
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show anemia  
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show RBCs, WBCs, Plasma, and Platelets  
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show 40-45% and responsible for transporting oxygen from the lungs to tissues and carrying carbon dioxide back to the lungs  
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What important substance does RBCs carry that provides oxygen?   show
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What is the function of WBCs and how much of the blood does it makeup?   show
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show neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, and basophils  
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What is the function of the platelets and how much of the blood does it makeup?   show
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What is the function of plasma and how much of the blood does it makeup?   show
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show megakaryocyte  
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This is a systemic disease of blood cells and is classified as acute or chronic.   show
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show acute  
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Most adult leukemias are __________.   show
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show by identifying reed-sternberg cells  
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show primary lymphedema is when a condition a person already has causes this vs. when too many lymph nodes are removed and this causes lymphedema as a result of having nowhere to drain  
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______________ are the functioning cells of the CNS.   show
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___________ cells are the supporting cells of the CNS.   show
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This is what separates the cerebellum from the cerebrum and everything below it is referred to as the posterior fossa.   show
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This is a protective barrier that separates the brain from the bloodstream, allowing essential nutrients to pass while blocking harmful substances like toxins and pathogens.   show
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show astrocytes, endothelial cells, pericytes, and microglial cells  
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show astrocytes  
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This primary brain tumor if presenting with no contrast enhancement is low grade or if presenting with contrast enhancement is high grade.   show
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This primary brain tumor is primarily found in the frontal and temporal lobes.   show
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show ependymoma  
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A brain stem glioma is also known as what?   show
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show pituitary adenoma  
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This is a primary brain tumor in children that is located in the posterior fossa and tends to travel down the CSF and cause drop metastases.   show
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show cranio-spinal irradiation because it is important to treat the entire brain and spine for this pathology  
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show vestibular schwannoma (aka acoustic neuroma)  
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What is often used to reduce brain swelling or edema caused by the tumor or treatment?   show
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show brain mets  
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show 3000 cGy in 10 fx  
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The most common primary brain tumor diagnosed in adults is?   show
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How are primary brain tumors treated?   show
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T or F. Patients diagnosed with H&N cancer tend to have a better prognosis as a non-smoker with HPV than a smoker.   show
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show alcohol and smoking  
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Leukoplakia vs. erythroplasia   show
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show Exophytic are tumors growing out of tissue while endophytic are tumors growing into tissue  
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show oat cell carcinoma and 15%  
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show SCLC  
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show adenocarcinoma  
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show women  
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show squamous cell carcinoma  
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show pancoast tumor  
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What is an emergency case that could occur due to a tumor that is compressing the vein and blocking blood flow.   show
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This is a chronic condition where stomach acid flows back into the esophagus, causing symptoms like heartburn, regurgitation, and discomfort.   show
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show adenocarcinoma  
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This is a type of bacteria that infects the stomach lining and can cause ulcers, gastritis, and increase the risk of stomach cancer.   show
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show adenocarcinoma  
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show endocrine gland- produces insulin which helps regulate and store glucose and exocrine gland- produces enzymes that digest fat, protein, and carbs  
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What is the most common histopathology of the pancreas?   show
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show 5-FU  
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show liver mets  
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show hepatocellular carcinoma  
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What is the most common histopathology of the gallbladder?   show
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This is found in the intestines and they are the lymphatics of the villi that absorb digested fats.   show
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These are gut-associated lymphatic tissues located in the small intestine and prominent in the ileum.   show
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show adenocarcinoma  
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show adenocarcinoma  
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show squamous cell carcinoma  
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What is an etiologic factor linked to every cancer in the GI tract?   show
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What is the function of the urinary system?   show
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show superficial  
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What are the 3 stages of bladder cancer most commonly diagnosed?   show
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show surgery  
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What is the most commonly diagnosed gynecological cancer among women?   show
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What is the most commonly diagnosed gynecological cancer among younger women?   show
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What gynecological cancer is considered to be a sexually transmitted disease?   show
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show IDC  
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What is the most commonly diagnosed reproductive cancer in males?   show
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show abdominal lymph nodes  
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