Syphilis
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| Syphillis is caused by a cork screw bacteria called...... | Treponema pallidum
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| True or false: syphillis stains silver | true
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| can syphillis be grown in vitro? | no
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| Can Syphillis mutate | no, its genome its conserved and stable. Susceptible to penicillin
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| True or False: T pallidum is destroyed easily | true; a variety of physical and chemical agents like soap and water
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| Describe the pathology | t palliudum enters through abrasions or through unbroken skin by hair follicles
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| If the circulatory system is attacked by the bactera what happens? | it affects the lymphatic system and bloodstream
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| Describe primary syphillis stage | spirochetal load increases and forms a chancre at inoculation site
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| true or false: Chancre lesions may not develop in every case. They are highly infectious. | Both statements are true
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| Describe each primary stage | Red, painless papule
Base of the chancre is smooth but the borders are raised and indurated
Ulceration occurs with exudate present when secondarily infected
Crusts over and heals spontaneously, disappearing within a few weeks
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| What are the dental implications | lips, tongue, oral mucosa
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| Describe secondary syphilis | after the chancre has formed (2-8 weeks) may or may not still be present. Spirochetal load at its peak. Flu like symptoms. Skin rash on face, feet, hands. Mucous patch appears.
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| Describe a mucous patch and where it occurs | A painless shallow ulcer that forms on the lips, soft palate, tongue. Its grayish white red looking.
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| Alopecia occurs in Secondary syphilis |
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| Describe latent syphilis | Begins when the symptom of secondary disappears. It is only detectable by blood work.
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| Describe Early Latent syphilis | clinical symptoms appear during the 1st year
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| Describe Late Latent Syphilis | Bacteria is destroying the internal organs inside but there is no symptoms on the outside
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| Describe tertiary latent syphiliis | destructive stage of the disease. Sub divided into neuro, cardiovascular, gummatous.
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| Describe gumma | a granuloma lesion on the skin and bones. Responds dramatically to antimicrobial therapy. Develops after 5-30 yrs after infection of 15% of untreated infections.
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| Describe neurosyphilis | invasion of the CNS in early syphilis. symptoms dont show until 5-10 yrs
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| What percentage of tertiary syphillis neurosyphilis occur | 8% of untreated cases
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| What are major clinical signs of tertiary syphilis | -paresis: paralysis
-Tabes Dorsalis: intense pains, incoordination, functional disturbances of most organs
-Personality changes
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| Describe Cardiovascular | aoritis- the elastic tissue of the aorta is replaced by fibrous tissue
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| Describe complications of aoritis | aortic regurgitation
obstruction of the coronary arteries
aortic aneurysm
aortic valve incompetence
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| Prenatal Syphilis | among those who survive infancy, 40% develop late symptoms of syphilis
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| describe prenatal syphilis | Cutaneous lesions much like secondary syphilis in the adult.
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| describe late prenatal syphilis | Hutchinson incisors and first molars with defective and/or supernumerary cusps
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| When diagnosed and treated in its early stages, syphilis is easy to cure. |
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| What is the treatment for symphilis | penicillin g given parenterally.
A single injection of penicillin can stop the disease from progressing if you've been infected for less than a year. If you've had syphilis for longer than a year, you may need additional doses.
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