1610 Biology Ch. 1-4
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| What is the monomeric unit for polypeptides? | amino acids
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| What is the monomeric unit for polysaccharides? | monosaccharides CnH2nOn
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| This occurs during the teritiary structure of proteins. | The protein shape is assumed by a polypeptide chain.
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| Why is the specific heat of water important? | water changes temperature slowly
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| These elements make up less than 1% of the body mass. | Trace elements
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| What occurs during the secondary structure of a protein? | hydrogen bonding
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| What is Avagadro's Number? | 6.02 x 10^23
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| What are the main types of Scientific Inquiry? | 1.) Discovery and Induction2.) Hypothetico-Deductive
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| What occurs during the primary level of protein organization? | amino acid sequence
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| Define Calorie | The amount of heat gained or lost with a temperature change of 1 degree celcious for one gram of water.
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| What are the emergent properties of water? | cohesion, adhesion, surface tension, high specific heat, high heat of vaporization, solvent
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| What occurs during the tertiary level of protein organization? | The overall shape of the protein is assumed by each polypeptide chain
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| Name the monomers of nucleic acids. | NucleotidesThree basic components:1. pentose sugar2. nitrogenous base3. phosphate group
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| What occurs during the quaternary level of protein organization? | Interactions among polypeptides
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| Name the three biological domains. | Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya
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| As a cell gets larger does the surface area to volume increase or decrease? | decrease, as a cell gets larger the surface to area ratio decreases
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| What is a peptide bond? | links polypeptide macromolecules
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| List the taxonomix hierarchy. | Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
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| What is the monomeric unit for proteins? | amino acid
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| What is the monomeric unit for carbohydrates? | simple sugars, glucose, fructose, galactose
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| What is the polymer for carbohydrates? | starch, cellulose, glycogen
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| What is the polymer for nucleic acids? | DNA or RNA
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| What is the polymer for lipids? | fatty acids
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| What is the monomer for polysaccharides? | monosaccharides, generally have this formula CnH2nOn
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| What is the bond type for nucleic acids? | phosphodiester bond
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| Phospholipids and steroids are what type of macromolecule? | lipids
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| Name the monomeric unit of each of the polymers. | polypeptides=amino acids; polysaccharides=starch, cellulose; lipids=triglycerides; nucleic acids=DNA & RNA
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| What are the four main elements of life? | hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon
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| Microtubules are made up of what type of protein? | tubulin
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| Define atomic mass. | The total of the number of protons and neutrons
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| What is the monomer of polypeptides? | amino acids
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| What is the extracellular matrix? | phospholipid bilayer
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| What is the bond type for lipids? | ester linkage
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| What is an ester linkage? | links the lipid macromolecules
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| What is the monomeric unit for lipids? | fatty acids
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| Name the three types of isomers. | structural, geometrical, enantiomeric
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| What does polar covalent mean? | chemical bond by the sharing of electrons
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| Who is Carolus Linnaeus? | The Linnaean system of naming species (Taxonomy), The bonomial system of nomenclature
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| When naming a species, the first part refers to the... | genus
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| when naming a species, the second part refers to the... | species
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| This organelle synthesizes various proteins (phospholipids, etc), metabolism of carbohydrates and detoxification of Ca2+ | smooth ER (endomembrane)
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| What is taxonomy? | The science of naming and classifying organisms.
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| Name the protein found in microtubules | tubulin
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| name the protein found in microfiliaments | actin
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| name the protein found in intermediate filaments | pectin
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| At what temperature is water most dense? | 4 degrees celsius
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| Name the three types of filaments found in the cytoskeleton | microtubule, intermediate filaments, microfilaments
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| What is the domain of science? | Nature
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| Name the monomer, bond type, and an example for nucleic acids | monomer= nucleotides, bond type= phosphodiester linkage, ex. =DNA & RNA
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| What are the three basic themes in biology? | Evolution, Information Transfer, and Energy
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| What occurs during the secondary level of protein organization? | hydrogen bonding
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| What is a condensation reaction or dehydration synthesis? | bonds two monomers creating a H2O molecule
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| What type of macromolecule is amino acid? | polypeptides
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| Amino acids are what type of isomer? | enantiomers
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| Name the four macromolecules. | polysaccharides, polypeptides, lipids, nucleic acids
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| Why does water expand as it freezes? | all of the hydrogen bonds stabilize
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| What occurs during the secondary level of protein organization? | hydrogen bonding
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| What are the three states of matter? | liquid, solid, gaseous
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| What does amphipathic mean? | contains both hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions
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| This organelle has attached ribosomes and plays a role in protein synthesis | Rough ER (endomembrane)
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| Name the nonendomembrane organelles. | chloroplast, mitochondria, peroxisomes
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| This endomembrane organelle is responsible for the storage and transport of hydrophilic enzymes | lysosome
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| What is a glycosidic linkage? | links polysaccharide molecules
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| All organic compounds have these two elements? | carbon and nitrogen
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| What is the covalent bond between nucleotides? | phosphodiester linkage
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| Which particle determines the chemical behavior of an atom? | electron
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| Which organelle is responsible for photosynthesis? | chloroplast (nonendomembrane)
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| Starch and Glycogen are what type of macromolecule? | polysaccharide
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| Name the endomembrane organelles | nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, golgi apparatus, lysosomes, vesicles and vacuoles, ribosomes (sometimes)
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| This organelle is responsible for cellular respiration. | mitochondria (nonendomemrane)
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| What is the monomeric unit for nucleic acids? | nucleotides
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| What bond type do polysaccharides have? | glycosidic linkage
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| Name the bond type for each type of macromolecule | polysaccharides= glycosidic, lipids= ester, polypeptide= peptide, nucleic acids= phosphodiester
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| Name the function groups | Hydroxyl (-OH), Carboxyl (-COOH), Carbonyl (-COH), Amino (-NH2), *Phosphate (-P), Sulfhydryl (-SH)
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| What is the bond type for polypeptides? | peptide
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| What is the monomer for nucleic acids? | nucleotide (consist of sugar carbon phosphate)
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| What is an ionic bond? | a bond between anions and cations
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| What is inductive reasoning? | begin with specific observations and draw conclusions or discover a general principal
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| What occurs during the secondary level of protein organization? | hydrogen bonding
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| Name the nonendomembrane organelles | mitochondria, chloroplast, peroxisome
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| Name the characteristics of life/of all living things | cell growth/development, metabolism, response to stimuli, reproduction, evolution of populations
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| What is cohesion? | water sticks to itself
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| What is adhesion? | water sticks to other things/substances
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| What is an isotope? | An atom with the same number of protons and electrons but a different number of neutrons. ex. C14
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| All organic compounds have these two elements? | carbon and nitrogen
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| What is an isomer? | The same chemical formula but different structural formulas
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| What is reductionism? | studying something by reducing it to its individual components
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| What is deductive reasoning? | drawing conclusions based on supplied information (premises)
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| What is an electronegative atom? | holds on to electrons longer
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| Carbohydrates are what type of molecule? | polysaccharides
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Created by:
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