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Senses

Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in each of the black spaces below before clicking on it to display the answer.
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Term
Definition
show Sense  
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conscious awareness of stimuli received by sensory neurons   show
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sensory nerve endings that respond to stimuli by developing action potentials   show
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receptors over large part of body that sense touch, pressure, pain, temperature, and itch   show
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show somatic : visceral  
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show smell, taste, sight, hearing, and balance  
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• detect movement • Example, touch, pressure, vibration   show
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• detect chemicals • Examples, odors and taste   show
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show Photoreceptors  
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• detect temperature changes   show
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show Nociceptors  
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• detect light touch and pressure   show
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• detect light touch   show
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• deep in epidermis • localizing tactile sensations   show
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• deep tactile receptors • detects continuous pressure in skin   show
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show Pacinian corpuscle  
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It is an unpleasant perceptual and emotional experience. It can be localized or diffuse.   show
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show LOCALIZED PAIN  
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show DIFFUSED PAIN  
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show LOCAL ANESTHESIA  
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show GENERAL ANESTHESIA  
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show REFERRED PAIN  
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show OLFACTION  
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Only Neurons capable of reproduction (non-permanent cells)   show
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show CN I (Olfactory Nerve)  
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show CN V (Trigeminal Nerve)  
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Located on neurons in the olfactory epithelium that project to mitral cells and from there directly to the olfactory cortex   show
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Olfactory memories: found in ________________ cortex   show
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show Cribriform Plate  
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show Taste buds  
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• Inside each taste bud are ___ taste cells • Each taste cell has taste hairs that extend into taste pores   show
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Not true neurons, not synonymous with taste buds   show
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show VII, IX, X  
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show CN VII (chorda tympani Facial Nerve)  
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(TASTE) Posterior 1/3 of tongue   show
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(TASTE) Back of throat and epiglottis   show
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show SWEET TASTE  
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Respond to glutamate at the tip of the tongue   show
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show SALTY TASTE  
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Respond to acids at the sides of the tongue   show
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show BITTER TASTE  
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(VISION) • protects from sweat • shade from sun   show
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show eyelids/eyelashes  
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Anatomy of Eye • Hollow, fluid filled sphere • Composed of 3 layers or _________ • Divided into chambers   show
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(FIBROUS TUNIC/OUTERMOST TUNIC) • firm, white outer part • helps maintain eye shape, provides attachment sites for muscles, protects internal structures   show
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show Cornea  
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show Middle tunic  
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show Iris, ciliary body, choroid  
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• black part (melanin) • delivers O2 and nutrients to retina   show
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• helps hold lens in place   show
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• Controls shape of lens via suspensory ligaments   show
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• flexible disk • focuses light onto retina   show
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• colored part of eye • surrounds and regulates pupil   show
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show Pupil  
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show Far objects  
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Lens: Not flat Suspensory ligaments: Relaxed Ciliary muscles: Contract   show
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(Nervous tunic/Innermost tunic) • covers posterior 5/6 of eye • contains 2 layers (pigmented & sensory)   show
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show Pigmented retina  
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• a layer of retina that contains photoreceptors (rods and cones) • contains interneurons   show
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show Rods  
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• photoreceptor provide color vision • 3 types blue, green, red   show
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show Macula  
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show Fovea centralis  
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• white spot medial to macula • blood vessels enter eye and spread over retina • axons exit as optic nerve • no photoreceptors • called blind spot   show
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show Anterior chamber  
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(Chambers of the Eye) • located in retina region • filled with vitreous humor: jelly-like substance • _________ _______ helps maintain pressure, holds lens and retina in place, refracts light   show
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show Posterior chamber  
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show Optic nerve  
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(Neuronal Pathway for Vision) • where 2 optic nerves connect   show
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show Optic tracts  
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show Total loss of vision in the right eye  
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Site of Lesion: Optic chiasm (midline) Name of disorder: ?   show
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show Contralateral (left) homonymous hemianopsia  
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show Superior left homonymous quadrantanopia (with macular sparing)  
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show Inferior left homonymous qudrantanopia (with macular sparing)  
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show Contralateral (left) homonymous hemianopia (with macular sparing)  
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• The absence of perception of one or more colors • The loss may involve perception of all three colors or of one or two colors. • Most forms of color blindness occur more frequently in males and are X-linked genetic traits   show
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Region of the ear that extends from outside of head to eardrum   show
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• fleshy part on outside of the ear   show
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show External auditory meatus  
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show Tympanic membrane  
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show The Middle Ear  
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• bone attached to tympanic membrane   show
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• bone that connects malleus to stapes   show
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• bone located at base of oval window   show
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show Oval window  
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show Eustachian or auditory tube  
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Set of fluid filled chambers   show
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show Bony labyrinth  
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• inside bony labyrinth • filled with endolymph   show
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• clear fluid in membranous labyrinth   show
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show Perilymph  
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• snail-shell shaped structure • where hearing takes place   show
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• in cochlea • filled with perilymph   show
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show Cochlear duct  
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• in cochlear duct • contains hair cells   show
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• in cochlea • vibrates against hair cells   show
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attached to sensory neurons that when bent produce an action potential in the ear   show
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show Vestibular membrane  
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• wall of membranous labyrinth that lines scala tympani   show
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• associated with vestibule • evaluates position of head relative to gravity   show
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• associated with semicircular canals • evaluates changes in direction and rate of head movement   show
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• inner ear • contains utricle and saccule   show
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• specialized patches of epithelium in utricle and saccule surround by endolymph • contain hair cells   show
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show Semicircular canals  
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show Ampulla  
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show Cupula  
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