Pharm -10- protein synthesis inhibitors 2
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| What type of drug is Gemifloxacin (Factive) | Fluoroquinolone (DNA synthesis inhibitor)
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| What type of drug is Moxifloxacin (Avelox) | Fluoroquinolone (DNA synthesis inhibitor)
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| What type of drug is Levofloxacin (Levaquin) | Fluoroquinolone (DNA synthesis inhibitor)
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| What type of drug is Ciprofloxacin (Cipro) | Fluoroquinolone (DNA synthesis inhibitor)
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| What type of drug is Ofloxacin (Floxin) | Fluoroquinolone (DNA synthesis inhibitor)
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| What type of drug is Lomefloxacin (Maxaquin) | Fluoroquinolone (DNA synthesis inhibitor)
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| What type of drug is Norfloxacin (Noroxin) | Fluoroquinolone (DNA synthesis inhibitor)
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| What type of bacteria does Ciprofloxacin cover | covers lesser and great gram negatives, 1 of 2 fluoroquinolones for pseudomonas (other is levofloxacin) and covers atypicals
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| What type of coverage do you get from levofloxacin | covers gram + (not MRSA), enterococcus faecalis and pseudomonas, some anaerobes, and the atypicals
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| What region of the body is Cipro generally associated with tx | below the waist good for UTIs, STDs
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| What region of the body are the 3rd generation fluoroquinolones associated with tx | above the waist or respiratory FQs
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| What two fluoroquinolones would you not prescribe for UTIs | moxifloxacin and Gemifloxacin
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| Which Fluoroquinolone is prescribed for tx of anthrax | Ciprofloxacin
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| Do you have to adjust dosage in renally impaired pt when giving fluoroquinolones | yes
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| What education do you have to give pt about drug interactions when taking fluoroquinolones | forms complexes with metallic ions so avoid taking them with antacids, multivitamins or food that has metals in it
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| What are the major s/e of the fluoroquinolones | Hypo/Hyperglycemia, CNS effects, cartilage damage (avoid in pregnancy), QTc prolongation, tendon rupture (elderly), Rash
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| What type of drug is Bactrim | sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim combo
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| What is the place in therapy for Bactrim | acute uncomplicated cystitis (first line), Pneumocystis jiroveci (PCP and PJP pneumonia), Also may be useful for CA and HA MRSA
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| What are some of the major s/e of using Bactrim | urticaria to anaphylaxis rxn, Rash can be mild to fatal SJS. N/V/D, myelosuppression, Hyperkalemia, increase in Scr
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| What are the three regimens recommended for latent TB infection | Isoniazid x9 months or 6 months or rifampin x4 months
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| What is the tx protocol for active TB | 2 months using 4 drugs then 4-7months with 2 drugs (combinations can be varied and complicated depending on resistance)
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| What type of drug is isoniazid (INH) | major first line drug for tx of TB
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| What type of drug is Rifampin (RIF) | major first line drug for tx of TB
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| What type of drug is Pyrazinamide (PZA) | major first line drug for tx of TB
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| What type of drug is Ethambutol (EMB) | major first line drug for tx of TB
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| What two drugs are special circumstance first line drugs for TB tx | rifabutin and rifapentine
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| When should you avoid giving Isoniazid (INH) | it is metabolized by liver avoid giving in active liver disease
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| What are the major s/e of Isoniazid (INH) | Clinical hepatitis and fatal hepatitis, Peripheral Neuropathy
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| What are the major s/e of rifampin | hepatotoxicity, thrombocytopenia, flu-like syndrome, rash, orange discoloration of bodily fluids (tell pt may stain cloths and contact lenses)
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| What are the major s/e of pyrazinamide | hepatotoxicity, GI symptoms, Arthralgias/ gouty arthritis
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| when is pyrazinamide contraindicated | contraindicated in pt suffering from gout
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| What are the major s/e of Ethambutol | Retrobulbar neuritis (decreases visual abilities damage can be permanent),
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| Which of the TB first line tx is not hepatotoxic | only one is ethambutol
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| Which fluoroquinolones can also be used to tx active TB | levofloxacin, and Moxifloxacin
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| Which aminoglycosides are also useful in tx of active TB | streptomycin (used to be first-line) Amikacin/Kanamycin, Capreomycin
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| What is the almost exclusive use of cycloserine | tx of active TB
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| What are the major s/e of cycloserine | CNS effects
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| What is Ethionamide used for | tx of active TB
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| what are the major s/e of Ethionamide | GI symptoms, Hepatotoxicity, Neurotoxicity
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| What are the major s/e of P-Aminosalicylic acid (PAS) | hypothyroidism, GI symptoms, hepatotoxicity
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