Common Medical Term Root Words, Suffixes, and Prefixes
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| cardi/o | heart
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| derm/o | skin
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| enter/o | small intestines
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| bucc/o | cheek
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| lumb/o | loin (lower part of the back)
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| myc/o | fungus, mushroom
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| viv/o | life
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| adip/o, lip/o, steat/o | fat
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| arteri/o | artery
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| arthr/o | joint
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| axill/o | armpit
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| blephar/o | eyelid
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| cephal/o | head
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| cerebr/o, encephal/o | cerebrum, brain
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| cervic/o | neck
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| cholecyst/o | gallbladder
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| col/o | large intestine
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| cost/o | rib
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| crani/o | skull
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| cyst/o | urinary bladder
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| cyt/o | cell
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| derm/o, dermat/o, cutane/o | skin
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| esophag/o | esophagus
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| gastr/o | stomach
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| hem/o, hemat/o | blood
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| hepat/o | liver
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| lapar/o | abdominal wall
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| laryng/o | larynx, voice box
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| myel/o | spinal cord
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| my/o, muscul/o | muscle
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| nas/o, rhin/o | nose
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| neur/o | nerve
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| ophthalm/o, ocul/o | eye
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| or/o, stomat/o | mouth
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| oste/o | bone
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| ot/o | ear
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| pancreat/o | pancreas
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| pharyng/o | throat
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| pneum/o, pneumon/o, pulmon/o | lung
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| ren/o, nephr/o | kidneys
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| splen/o | spleen
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| thorac/o | chest
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| thyroid/o | thyroid gland
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| trache/o | windpipe, trachea
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| ven/o, phleb/o | vein
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| vertebr/o | vertebra
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| cyan/o | blue
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| erythr/o | red
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| leuk/o | white
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| melan/o | black
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| poli/o | gray
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| phren/o | diaphragm
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| appendic/o | appendix
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| rect/o, proct/o | rectum
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| -ac, -al, -ar, -ary, -eal, -ia, -iac, -ic, -ical, -ose, -ous, -tic | pertaining to
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| -algia | pain
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| -centesis | surgical puncture to remove fluid
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| -cide | to kill or destroy
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| -cyte | cell
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| -ectomy | surgical removal of
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| -emia | blood; blood condition
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| -gram | written record
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| -graph | an instrument used to record
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| -graphy | process of recording
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| -ia | condition, especially an abnormal state
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| -ion | condition
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| -ism | condition
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| -itis | inflammation of
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| -lithiasis | presence of or formation of stones
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| -logy | study of
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| -megaly | enlargement
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| -oid | resembling
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| -oma | tumor
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| -osis | abnormal condition or disease
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| -otomy | surgical incision
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| -pathy | disease
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| -plasty | surgical or plastic repair
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| -plegia | paralysis
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| -pnea | breathing, respiration
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| -rrhaphy | surgical suturing
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| -rrhea | draining, flow, discharge,
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| -rrhexis | rupture
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| -scope | instrument used to look
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| -scopy | examination using a scope, process of looking
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| -sis | action, process, state, condition
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| -stasis | stoppage, controlling, standing
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| -stomy | surgically create an artificial opening (mouth or stoma)
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| a-, an- | without, not, absence of
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| anti- | against
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| auto- | self
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| bi- | two, double
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| brady- | slow
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| dys- | bad, difficult, painful, abnormal
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| epi- | over, above, upon
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| eu- | good, normal
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| hemi- | half
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| hyper- | above, excessive
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| hypo- | less than, under
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| inter- | between
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| intra- | within
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| multi- | many
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| non- | not
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| peri- | around, surrounding
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| poly- | many, much
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| post- | after, behind
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| pre- | before, in front
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| pseudo- | false
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| quadri- | four
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| semi- | half
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| sub- | under, below
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| supra- | above, over
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| tachy- | fast, rapid
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| tri- | three
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| endo- | inside
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| ecto- | outside
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| vascul/o, vas/o, angi/o | blood vessel
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| -meter | instrument used to measure
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| -metry | process of measuring
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| re- | again
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| contra- | against
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| pro- | before, on behalf of
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| de- | down, away from
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| ante- | before
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| gen/o | creation, cause
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| hydr/o | water
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| morph/o | change
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| myc/o | fungus
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| necro | death
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| orth/o | straight
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| path/o | suffering, disease
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| phag/o | eat
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| plas/o | formation
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| py/o | pus
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| scler/o | hard
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| sten/o | narrowing
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| troph/o | nourishment, development
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| xen/o | foreign
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| -icle, -ole, -ule, -ula | small, diminutive suffixes
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| -ia, -ism | condition
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| -ium | tissue, structure
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| -y | condition, procedure
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| -tomy | a cutting procedure
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| tom/o | to cut
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| -ectomy | a cutting out procedure or surgical removal
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| ec- | out
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| -ist | specialist
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| -iatrist | specialist in medicine of
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| -iatrics | medical science
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| -logist | specialist in the study of
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| -logy | study of
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| de- | down, away from
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| ante-, pre- | before
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| pro- | before, on behalf of
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| ab- | away
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| ad- | towards
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| circum-, peri- | around
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| dia-, trans- | through
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| e-, ec,-, ex- | out
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| ecto-, exo-, extra- | outside
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| en-, endo-, intra- | in, inside
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| epi- | upon
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| sub- | beneath
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| inter- | between
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| oligo- | few
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| pan- | all
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| micro- | small
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| macro- | large
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| mono- | one
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| hemi-, semi- | half
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| con-, syn-, sym- | with, together
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