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Birdy as a PCT
Hemo Dialysis
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| KIDNEY | > MAIN FUNCTION: to maintain internal balance, keep control of the cellular functions, excrete wastes & excess water as urine |
| KIDNEY | >FACTORS: extra fluid will produce more urine CONSIST: of the Urinary Tract System & Endocrine function |
| KIDNEY STRUCTURE | KIDNEY STRUCTURE: 2 Kidneys, reddish brown, bean shape organs, located in the back of body above waste, size of a fist by adulthood |
| CAPILLARIES | FUNCTION: Capillaries are located in the kidneys, capillaries bring blood to the nephrons, some are so small that only (1) RBC can pass through them |
| KIDNEY (PARTS) | PARTS of KIDNEY: (5) 1.) Capsule 2.)Cortex 3.) Renal Hilum 4.)Renal Artery 5.) Renal Vein |
| FUNCTIONS UNDER THE (CORTEX) | INSIDE KIDNEY FUNCTIONS: under the (CORTEX) 1.) Medulla 2.)Pyramids 3.)Lobes 4.)Pallipilla 5.)Calyx 6.)renal pelvis 7.)ureter 8.)bladder 9.)uretha |
| NEPHRONS IN THE KIDNEY | NEPHRONS IN THE KIDNEY *Urine is made up of nephrons, nephrons are made up of glomerulus and set of tubules, each kidney has between 200,000 and 2.5 million nephrons, nephrons remove excess water & wastes and keeps what the body need in perfect balance |
| NEPHRON (PARTS) | PARTS OF NEPHRONS: (5) 1.)glomerulus 2.)proximal (near) convoluted tubule 3.)Loop of henle 4.)distal (far) Convoluted tubule 5.)collecting duct |
| GLOMERULUS | GLOMERULUS FORM: *a ball of tiny capillaries **capillaries blood vessel walls have pores, these pores let water and small substances pass in the tubules system *** these pores also keep larger substances (i.e. protein and whole RBCs) in the blood |
| BOWMANS & GLOMERULUS CAPSULE | BOWMANS & GLOMERULUS CAPSULE CONNECTION: surrounds each glomerulus |
| RENAL CORPUSCLE | RENAL CORPUSCLE FORM & FUNCTION: * formed from the glomerulus & bowman capsule **renal corpsucle is the filtering unit of the kidneys |
| PROXIMAL (NEAR) CONVOLUTED TUBULE | PROXIMAL (NEAR) CONVOLUTED TUBULE FUNCTION: reabsorbs and secrete substances |
| LOOP OF HENLE | LOOP OF HENLE: *shaped like a "U" **reabsorbes water and salts |
| DISTAL (FAR) CONVOLUTED TUBULE | DISTAL (FAR) CONVOLUTED TUBULE FUNCTION: *helps regulate water volume and mineral lvls **leads to the collecting duct |
| COLLECTING DUCT | COLLECTING DUCT: *gathers urine and reabsorb peptides ( ) **drip waste, drop by drop into the calyces |
| GLOMERULI | GLOMERULI ( nephron part 1): *blood filtration w/ pores that blocks whole blood cells and other large cells (i.e. proteins) from passing through **ONLY water and small substances can pass through the pores |
| AFFERENT ARTERIOLE (GLOMERULUS) | AFFERENT ARTERIOLE (glomerulus): *blood enters each glomerulus from a tiny artery called afferent arteriole **BP from each HB at the end of small vessels forces excess water out of the blood |
| GLOMERULAR FILTRATE | GLOMERULAR FILTRATE: *filtrate water and small wastes (average adult filtrate ~180L of glomerular filtrate per day) ** 99% of glomerular filtrate is reabsorbed and the rest becomes urine |
| EFFERENT ARTERIOLE (GLOMERULUS) | EFFERENT ARTERIOLE (GLOMERULUS): *blood vessel leaves each glomerulus through efferent arteriole |
| DAMAGE NEPHRON | DAMAGE NEPHRON: *large cells (i.e. protein, whole RBCs) can leak through the pores **they're seen as bubbles or threads in the urine |
| RENAL PELVIS (UNDER THE CORTEX) | RENAL PELVIS (UNDER THE CORTEX)(6): *from the collecting ducts (drip waste drop by drop) into the calyces, the urine trickles into the renal pelvis |
| URETERS (UNDER THE CORTEX) | URETERS (UNDER THE CORTEX) (7): *urine from the renal pelvis go down the urethers |
| BLADDER (UNDER THE CORTEX) | BLADDER (UNDER THE CORTEX)(8): *urine held in the bladder |
| URETHRA (UNDER THE CORTEX) | URETHRA (UNDER THE CORTEX)(9): *urine leaves the body through the urethra when a person urinates |
| eGFR (ESTIMATED GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE) | eGFR (ESTIMATED GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE): *a formula for how well the kidneys are filtering that uses age, gender, and lvl of creatinine in the blood ** used in health care |
| HOMOSTASIS (EFFECTS) | HOMOSTASIS (EFFECT): *filters and selects which chemicals to reabsorb in the blood and which to release in the urine ** the balance of chemicals in our bodies that allows us to function |
| HOMOSTASIS (FUNCTIONS) | HOMOSTASIS (FUNCTIONS): *filters waste products out of the body; NaCl and other electrolytes in balance;maintain h20 balance;Ctl BP by adjusting how tense or relaxed blood vessel walls are;make hormones that drive blood cell prod. and bone health |
| " Homo" CONT. | ;maintain acid-base balance in the blood |
| ENDOCRINE (HORMONE) | ENDOCRINE (HORMONE): *hormone is a chemical message made in one part of our bodies that accts on cells or organs elsewhere in our body **hormones direct body function to turn off and on |
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