Psych chaps 9-11
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| show | Examines age-related physical, cognitive, & socioemotional changes across the lifespan
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| Physical development | show 🗑
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| Cognitive development | show 🗑
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| show | Social behavior, emotions, & changes experienced in relationships, feelings, & overall disposition
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| Biopsychosocial perspective | show 🗑
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| Cross-sectional method | show 🗑
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| Longitudinal method | show 🗑
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| Chromosomes | show 🗑
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| Zygote | show 🗑
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| XX indicates… | show 🗑
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| XY indicates… | show 🗑
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| Every cell (expect red blood cells and sex cells) has… | show 🗑
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| show | Identical twins develop from one egg inseminated at conception, then split
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| show | Fraternal twins develop from two eggs inseminated by two sperm
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| Genotype | show 🗑
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| Phenotype | show 🗑
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| show | An agent or factor that causes malformation of an embryo (ex: alcohol)
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| show | infant cognitive abilities are different from an adult's
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| show | first stage in Piaget's theory (0-2 years old); object permanence; babies use skills they were born with
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| Preoperational | show 🗑
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| concrete operational | show 🗑
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| show | fourth stage in Piaget's theory (12 years and older); more logical and systematic thinking
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| show | Process of acquiring information/knowledge
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| Assimilation | show 🗑
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| show | altering one's existing ideas (schemas) abt how the world operates in response to new info and experiences
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| show | the passive, natural process through which new concepts are formed, esp in early childhood
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| Zone of Proximal Development | show 🗑
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| show | Characteristic differences in behavioral patterns and emotional reactions that are evident from birth
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| show | Refers to degree to which infants feel emotional connection w/ primary caregivers (assessed using the Strange Situation paradigm)
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| Erik Erikson's Psychosocial Stages of Development | show 🗑
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| Trust vs mistrust | show 🗑
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| Autonomy vs shame and doubt | show 🗑
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| Initiative vs guilt | show 🗑
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| Menarche | show 🗑
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| show | A male experiences his first ejaculation
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| Adolescent egocentrism | show 🗑
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| show | Involves adolescent identity formation and trying out new ideas. Positive resolution = stronger sense of values, beliefs, and goals; Negative resolution = role confusion
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| Kohlberg's Stages of Moral Development | show 🗑
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| show | Age range is young children. Right and wrong are determined by the consequences.
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| show | This emerges around puberty. Right and wrong are informed by the expectations of society and important others, not simply personal consequences
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| Postconventional moral reasoning | show 🗑
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| Critics of Kohlberg's Theory | show 🗑
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| Intimacy vs isolation | show 🗑
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| Generativity vs stagnation | show 🗑
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| Integrity vs despair | show 🗑
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| Extrinsic motivation | show 🗑
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| show | The drive or urge to continue a behavior because of internal reinforcers (ex: wanting to win because it makes you feel good)
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| show | From bottom to top: physiological, safety, love & belongingness, esteem, self-actualization, self-transcendence (the sequence isn't necessarily set in stone)
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| Deci and Ryan | show 🗑
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| Murray | show 🗑
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| McClelland & colleagues | show 🗑
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| Set point for weight | show 🗑
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| Settling point for weight | show 🗑
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| Emotions | show 🗑
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| Mood | show 🗑
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| James-Lange | show 🗑
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| Cannon-Bard | show 🗑
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| Schachter-Singer | show 🗑
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| show | our thoughts about our situation lead to emotions
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| show | framework or guidelines for when. how, and where an emotion is expressed (influenced by culture; taught early in life)
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| Amydala | show 🗑
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| Sexuality | show 🗑
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| Sex | show 🗑
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| show | the dimension of masculinity & femininity based on social, cultural, and psychological characteristics
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| show | male hormones secreted by the testes in males & by the adrenal glands in both males & females
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| Testosterone | show 🗑
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| Estrogen | show 🗑
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| Thelarche | show 🗑
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| show | having "conflicting or ambiguous biological indicators" or male or female in sexual structures & organs
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| show | Klinefelter Syndrome (XXY); Turner's Syndrome (XO)
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| show | the feeling or sense of being male, female, or an alternative gender
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| show | gender identity that falls outside of the categories of man or woman
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| show | the collection of actions, beliefs, & characteristics that a culture associated w/ masculinity & femininity
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| show | psychological or mental guidelines that dictate how to be masculine or feminine
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| Androgyny | show 🗑
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| show | people whose gender identity & expression do not typically match the gender assigned to them at birth (can be temporary or persistent)
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| Transsexual | show 🗑
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| show | using medical treatments to transition
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| Masters & Johnson | show 🗑
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| show | sex ensures the survival of the species
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| kin altruism | show 🗑
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| show | 27 for women, 29 for men
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| Odds for 10-year marrige | show 🗑
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| show | 52% for women, 56% for men
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| show | significant disturbance in the ability to respond sexual or to gain pleasure from sex
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| show | cultural rules that tell us what activities are appropriate & do not interfere w/ healthy sexual activity
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| Paraphilia | show 🗑
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| show | the period of time in which a man cannot achieve another orgasm following a previous one (women do not have this)
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