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Chapters 9-16 Terms

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Question
Answer
capital stock   total shares of ownership in a corporation  
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cash discount   a deduction that a vendor allows on the invoice amount to encourage prompt payment  
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cash over Or Cash Short   a petty cash on hand amount that is more or less than a recorded amount  
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cash payments journal   a special journal used to record only cash payment transactions  
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contra account   an account that reduces a related account on a financial statement  
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corporation   an organization with the legal rights of a person and which many persons may own  
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cost of merchandise   the price a business pays for goods it purchases to sell  
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debit memorandum   form prepared by the customer showing the price deduction taken by the customer for returns and allowances  
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list price   the retail price listed in a catalog or on an Internet site  
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markup   the amount added to the cost of merchandise to establish the selling price  
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merchandise   goods that a business purchases to sell  
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merchandising business   a business that purchases and sells goods  
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purchase invoice   an invoice used as a source document for recording a purchase on account transaction  
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purchase on account   a transaction in which the merchandise purchased is to be paid for later  
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purchases journal   a special journal used to record only purchases of merchandise on account  
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share of stock   each unit of ownership in a corporation  
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special amount column   a journal amount column headed with an account title  
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stockholder   an owner of one or more shares of a corporation  
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trade discount   a reduction in the list price granted to customers  
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vendor   a business from which merchandise is purchased or supplies or other assets are bought  
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batch report   a report of credit card sales produced by a point-of-sale terminal  
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cash receipts journal   special journal used to record only cash receipt transactions  
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credit memorandum   a form prepared by the vendor showing the amount deducted for returns and allowances  
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point-of-sale (POS) terminal   a computer used to collect, store, and report all the information of a sales transaction  
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sales discount   a cash discount on sales taken by a customer  
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sales journal   a special journal used to record only sales of merchandise on account  
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terminal summary   the report that summarizes the cash and credit card sales of a point-of-sale terminal  
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accounts payable ledger   a subsidiary ledger containing only accounts for vendors from whom merchandise or other items are purchased on account  
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accounts receivable ledger   a subsidiary ledger containing only accounts for charge customers  
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controlling account   an account in a general ledger that summarizes all accounts in a subsidiary ledger  
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schedule of accounts payable   a listing of vendor accounts, account balances, and total amount due all vendors  
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schedule of accounts receivable   a listing of customer accounts, account balances, and total amount due from all customers  
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subsidiary ledger   a ledger that is summarized in a single general ledger account  
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employee earnings record   a business form used to record details affecting payments made to an employee  
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Medicare tax   a federal tax paid for hospital insurance  
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net pay   the total earnings paid to an employee after payroll taxes and other deductions  
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pay period   the period covered by a salary payment  
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payroll   the total amount earned by all employees for a pay period  
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payroll register   a business form used to record payroll information  
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payroll taxes   taxes based on the payroll of a business  
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salary   the money paid for employee services  
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social security tax   a federal tax paid for old-age, survivors, and disability insurance  
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tax base   the maximum amount of earnings on which a tax is calculated  
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total earnings   the total pay due for a pay period before deductions  
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withholding allowance   a deduction from total earnings for each person legally supported by a taxpayer, including the employee  
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federal unemployment tax   a federal tax used for state and federal administrative expenses of the unemployment program  
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accumulated depreciation   the total amount of depreciation expense that has been recorded since the purchase of a plant asset  
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allowance method of recording losses from uncollectible accounts   crediting the estimated value of uncollectible accounts to a contra account  
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board of directors   a group of persons elected by the stockholders to manage a corporation  
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book value   the difference between an asset’s account balance and its related contra account balance  
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current assets   cash and other assets expected to be exchanged for cash or consumed within a year  
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declaring a dividend   action by a board of directors to distribute corporate earnings to stockholders  
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depreciation expense   the portion of a plant asset’s cost that is transferred to an expense account in each fiscal period during a plant asset’s useful life  
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dividends   earnings distributed to stockholders  
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merchandise inventory   the amount of goods on hand for sale to customers  
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plant assets   assets that will be used for a number of years in the operation of a business  
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retained earnings   an amount earned by a corporation and not yet distributed to stockholders  
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straight-line method of depreciation   charging an equal amount of depreciation expense for a plant asset in each year of useful life  
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uncollectible accounts   accounts receivable that cannot be collected  
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cost of merchandise sold   the original price of all merchandise sold during a fiscal period  
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current liabilities   liabilities due within a short time, usually within a year  
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earnings per share   the amount of net income after federal income tax belonging to a single share of stockearnings per share  
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long-term liabilities   liabilities owed for more than a year  
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net sales   total sales less sales discount and sales returns and allowances  
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statement of stockholders’ equity   a financial statement that shows changes in a corporation’s ownership for a fiscal period  
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supporting schedule   a report prepared to give details about an item on a principal financial statement  
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financial ratio   a comparison between two items of financial information  
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gross profit on sales   the revenue remaining after cost of merchandise sold has been deducted  
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purchases allowance   credit allowed for part of the purchase price of merchandise that is not returned, resulting in a decrease in the customer’s accounts payable  
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purchases return   credit allowed for the purchase price of returned merchandise, resulting in a decrease in the customer’s accounts payable  
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sales allowance   credit allowed a customer for part of the sales price of merchandise that is not returned, resulting in a decrease in the vendor’s accounts receivable  
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sales return   credit allowed a customer for the sales price of returned merchandise, resulting in a decrease in the vendor’s accounts receivable  
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