Oral pathology midterm 3rd year
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| show | fibrous
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| Fibroma's most common location in mouth | show 🗑
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| Fibroma - surface texture and color | show 🗑
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| show | 1.5cm
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| show | 4-6th
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| show | surgery
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| show | sessile or pedunculated, often papillary, usually less than 1cm
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| Giant cell fibroma represents what percent of oral proliferations | show 🗑
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| Giant cell fibroma may be mistaken for what other lesion? | show 🗑
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| Giant cell fibroma is most common in what decades? | show 🗑
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| About 1/2 of all giant cell fibroma's occur where? | show 🗑
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| show | stellate fibroblasts and elongated rete pegs
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| Treatment of giant cell fibroma | show 🗑
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| show | inflammatory fibrous and epithelial hyperplasia or denture injury tumor
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| epulis fissuratum most common population affected? | show 🗑
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| epulis fissuratum treatment | show 🗑
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| show | 1. denture doesn't fit 2. not cleaning denture or mouth 3. never taking dentures out
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| Inflammatory papillary hyperplasia looks like what other lesion under the microscope | show 🗑
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| show | surgically remove excess tissue, fix denture so it fits properly, make sure pt leaves denture out at night
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| Pyogenic granuloma most commonly seen on what tissue? | show 🗑
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| show | trauma
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| Appearance of pyogenic granuloma | show 🗑
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| show | women, usually pregenant women
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| show | surgery
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| Peripheral giant cell granuloma - most common location and appearance | show 🗑
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| Peripheral giant cell granuloma is most common in what population of people? | show 🗑
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| show | surgery, 10%
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| Why are peripheral giant cell granuloma's so red? | show 🗑
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| show | gingiva same as peripheral giant cell granuloma
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| show | teens and young adults
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| What sex is most commonly affected by peripheral ossifying fibroma? | show 🗑
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| What is the treatment and recurrence of peripheral ossifying fibroma | show 🗑
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| show | usually ulcerated, fibrous proliferation with reactive bone or other calicified tissue
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| A lipoma is a tumor of what tissue? benign or malignant? | show 🗑
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| Most common locations in the mouth for lipoma | show 🗑
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| show | 40 and over
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| show | surgery
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| What causes a traumatic neuroma? | show 🗑
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| show | pain
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| show | mental foramen
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| What is the treatment for traumatic neuroma? | show 🗑
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| show | Schwann cells
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| show | painless with a well circumscribed border
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| show | 25-48%
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| show | tongue but can also occur in bone
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| show | neurofibromatosis
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| show | Encapsulated with Antoni A tissue and Verocay bodies
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| What is the treatment for neurilemoma? | show 🗑
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| Neurofibroma is composed of what type of nerve elements? Where is it located? | show 🗑
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| show | Unencapsulated, painless, slow growing tumor
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| show | neurofibromatosis
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| What is the most common location for neurofibroma? | show 🗑
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| What is the treatment for neurofibroma? | show 🗑
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| How is neurofibromatosis inherited? | show 🗑
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| What is another name for neurofibromatosis? | show 🗑
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| show | Deafness due to 8th cranial nerve involvement
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| show | 5%
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| What are the clinical signs/sx of neurofibromatosis? | show 🗑
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| Granular cell tumors are likely from what cells? | show 🗑
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| show | 40%
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| What % of granular cell tumors are incompletely removed? recur? are multifocal? | show 🗑
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| show | 10%
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| show | Because it looks like SCC under the microscope
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| show | women 90%
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| show | maxillary gingiva (twice as common), usually anterior gingiva
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| show | 10%, Do not recur, Do not show pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia
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| Define hemangioma | show 🗑
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| What % of kids have hemangioma's | show 🗑
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| show | head and neck
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| What are the treatments for henangiomas? | show 🗑
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| show | Sturge-Weber angiomatosis
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| What areas are affected in sturge weber angiomatosis? | show 🗑
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| What symptoms may appear in sturge weber angiomatosis? | show 🗑
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| show | "tram-track" calcifications on skull films
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| show | oral mucosa and jaws
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| Vascular gingival proliferations of sturge weber angiomatosis can resemble what other lesion? | show 🗑
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| Lymphangiomas are tumors of? malignant or benign? | show 🗑
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| What % of lymphangiomas occur in the head and neck? what specific location? | show 🗑
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| show | 90%
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| show | anterior 2/3 of tongue
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| show | surgery
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| show | lymphangioma simplex, cavernous lymphangioma, cyctic lymphangioma
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| Cystic hygroma is caused by | show 🗑
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| Cystic hygroma is most common in what areas? | show 🗑
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| show | 2-6% mortality. No common size (may become massive)
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| show | smooth - leiomyoma, striated - rhabdomyoma
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| Name a malignant neoplasm of smooth muscle and one of striated muscle | show 🗑
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| How common is leiomyoma in the oral cavity? What areas are most commonly affected? | show 🗑
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| show | blood vessels (vascular leiomyomas)
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| Are leiomyomas painful? | show 🗑
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| show | surgery
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| show | smooth
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| Rhabdomyoma is a benign neoplasm of what type of muscle? | show 🗑
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| show | head and neck
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| What are the most common oral locations for rhabdomyoma? | show 🗑
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| How does rhabdomyoma present clinically | show 🗑
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| What is the treatment of rhabdomyoma? | show 🗑
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| show | fibroblasts
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| show | extremities (10% occur in head and neck)
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| show | nose and paranasal sinus (fibrosarcomas can occur anywhere)
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| show | any age can be affected (most common in kids and young adults)
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| show | as a slow growing mass
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| What is the microscopic appearance of a fibrosarcoma? | show 🗑
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| show | surgery, 20-60% recur, 40-70% survival at 5 yrs
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| Malignant fibrous histiocytoma is also known as? | show 🗑
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| What type of differentiation is present in malignant fibrous histiocytoma? | show 🗑
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| What was the most common soft tissue sarcoma in adults at one time? | show 🗑
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| show | usually older people
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| show | extremities and retroperitoneum. Rare in head and neck
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| How does malignant fibrous histiocytoma appear under a microscope? What is the treatment? | show 🗑
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| show | 40%, 40%
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| show | fat
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| show | Liposarcoma
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| show | thighs, retroperitoneum, inguinal. Rare in head and neck. (cheek most common area if it does make it to the head and neck)
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| How does a liposarcoma present clinically? | show 🗑
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| show | treatment - surgery, recur 50%, survival at 5 yrs 57-70%
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| Neurogenic sarcoma is a malignancy of what type of tissue? | show 🗑
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| Neurogenic sarcoma are associated 50% of the time with what other lesion? | show 🗑
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| show | proximal portions of extremities and trunk
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| show | Mandible, lips and buccal mucosa
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| What is the average age of neurogenic sarcoma associated with neurofibromatosis? de novo? | show 🗑
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| show | surgery, sometimes chemo and rad
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| What is the 5 yr survival for neurogenic sarcoma in neurofibromatosis? all others? | show 🗑
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| show | rare, vascular endothelium
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| show | head and neck
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| show | old people
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| show | bruise like to a ulcerated mass, may appear multifocal
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| How does angiosarcoma appear microscopically | show 🗑
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| show | surgery and or rad
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| show | 12%
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| show | unusual vascular neoplasm associated with HHV 8, usually multicentric
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| show | classic, endemic, iatrogenic immunosuppression associated, AIDS related
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| What three stages does Kaposi's sarcoma evolve through? | show 🗑
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| What is the microscopic appearance of Kaposi's sarcoma? | show 🗑
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| show | varies with clinical subtype and stage of disease
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| What subtype of Kaposi's sarcome is the chronic form? When does it occur? what sex is affected? | show 🗑
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| What nationalities are most affected by Classic Kaposi's sarcoma? | show 🗑
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| show | slow growing red plaques with nodules on the skin of the lower extremities
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| People with classic Kaposi's sarcoma often get what malignancy? | show 🗑
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| What is the 8-13 year mortality rate for Kaposi's sarcoma? | show 🗑
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| What are the four subtypes of African endemic type Kaposi's sarcoma? | show 🗑
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| How is benign nodular Kaposi's sarcoma of the African endemic type different from the Classic type | show 🗑
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| show | progress invasive development of the vascular neoplasm
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| What features define florid african endemic type of Kaposi's sarcoma? | show 🗑
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| What group of people are primarily affected by lymphadenopathic subtype of Kaposi's sarcoma of the african endemic type? | show 🗑
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| show | organ transplant patients (0.4% kidney transplant patients)
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| show | probably loss of cellular immunity
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| What nationalities are affected most by iatrogenic type Kaposi's sarcoma? | show 🗑
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| Which is more aggressive classic or iatrogenic type Kaposi's sarcoma? | show 🗑
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| show | AIDS related
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| How does AIDS related Kaposi's sarcoma usually start? What areas are commonly involved? | show 🗑
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| What % of AIDS Kaposi's patients had oral lesions? | show 🗑
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| What is the treatment for AIDS Kaposi's? | show 🗑
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| Rhabdomyosarcoma is a malignant neoplasm of what muscle type? | show 🗑
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| show | Rhabdomyosarcoma
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| show | embryonal (first decade), alveolar (16 y/o), pleomorphic (50's y/o)
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| Rhabdomyosarcoma is most common in what decade of life? | show 🗑
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| How does rhabdomyosarcoma present clinically? | show 🗑
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| What is the 5 year prognosis of rhabdomyosarcoma? | show 🗑
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| show | smooth muscle
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| The most common areas that leiomyosarcoma affects are? | show 🗑
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| show | middle aged to older adults
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| How does leiomyosarcoma appear clinically? | show 🗑
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| What is the microscopic appearance of leiomyosarcoma? | show 🗑
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| show | surgery, sometimes chemo and rad
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| show | poor
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| show | hemangioma
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| show | under 1 year
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| show | parotid gland
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| show | 10 y/o
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| show | female
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| Site where hemangioma commonly seen | show 🗑
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| What are the two histological types of hemangiomas? | show 🗑
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| show | 90% resolve by age 7, postpone tx until school age, compression tx may work, surgery, laser, cryotherapy
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| show | hemangioma, lymphoid lesion
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| benign epithelial neoplasm - mixed tumor is the most common __________ tumor? | show 🗑
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| What % of parotid and minor gland tumors are mixed? | show 🗑
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| show | palate 54%, upper lip 18%, buccal mucosa 11%
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| show | 41.2 y/o (30-50 y/o)
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| What is the female to male ratio for mixed tumors | show 🗑
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| How does a mixed tumor present clinically? | show 🗑
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| show | myoepithelial cells
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| What two types of microscopic components are present in mixed tumors? | show 🗑
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| What is the treatment for mixed tumors? | show 🗑
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| Benign epithelial neoplasm - basal cell adenoma is most commonly found at what location? | show 🗑
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| show | 57.7 y/o (peaks in 7th decade)
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| show | 2:1
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| Basal cell adenomas have a clinical appearance similar to what other tumor? | show 🗑
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| show | dermal appendage tumors (especially dermal cylindroma
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|
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| What is the microscopic view of basal cell adenoma? | show 🗑
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| What type of cells are found in basal cell adenoma? | show 🗑
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| What is the treatment for basal cell adenoma? | show 🗑
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| Benign epithelial neoplasms - papillary cystadenoma lymphomatosum is also known as | show 🗑
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| show | Age 57.3 y/o, 1.2:1 ratio, whites
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| What is the most frequent benign epithelial salivary gland tumor thatis commonly synchronous with another type of salivary gland neoplasm? | show 🗑
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| How does Warthin's tumor usually present? | show 🗑
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| What cell types are found in Warthin's tumor? | show 🗑
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| What is the best treatment for Warthin's tumor | show 🗑
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| What is the recurrence for Warthin's tumor? | show 🗑
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| show | oncocytoma
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| show | 1%, most common in parotid, rare in minor glands
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| What is the average age of occurence for oncocytomas? | show 🗑
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| show | almost the same rate of occurence
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| show | large well definded polyhedral or round cells with eosinophilic granular cytoplasm, a clear cell variant exists
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| show | superficial parotidectomy with facial nerve preservation
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| show | canalicular adenoma
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| show | 65 y/o
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| psammona bodies are associated with what benign salivary gland neoplasm? | show 🗑
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| show | canalicular adenoma
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| show | tubular variant of adenoid cystic carcinoma
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| show | mucoepidermoid adenocarcinoma
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| show | Average age 43 y/o, under 20 y/o (44%), can affect anyone in 2nd to 8th decades
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| show | 54.4% major glands, 46.5% parotid, 41.7% minor glands, 4.3% jaws
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| show | 64%
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| show | Mucoceles
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| What is the treatment ofr mucoepidermoid adenocarcinoma? | show 🗑
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| Where are adenocarcinoma NOS found? | show 🗑
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| show | single asymptomatic mass but 25% may complain of nerve pain, paralysis or numbness
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| What is the average age for adenocarcinoma? | show 🗑
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| What is the female predilection for adenocarcinoma? | show 🗑
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| What is the prognosis for adenocarcinoma | show 🗑
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| Name a low grade adenocarcinoma? | show 🗑
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| show | 6.5%
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| Where do acinic cell adenocarcinomas occur? what is the F:M ratio | show 🗑
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| What is the average age of occurence for actinic cell adenocarcinoma | show 🗑
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| show | acinic cell adenocarcinoma, usually well circumscribed
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| show | superficial parotidectomy
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| show | 12% recurrence, 8% mets
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|
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| show | Acinic cell adenocarcinoma
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| show | polymorphous low grade adenocarcinoma
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| show | minor glands (58.6% palate, 18.7% upper lip, 16% cheek)
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|
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| When are patient most likely to be affected by polymorphous low grade adenocarcinoma | show 🗑
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| show | adenoid cystic carcinoma and mixed tumor
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|
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| name a common feature of polymorphous low grade adenocarcinoma? | show 🗑
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| What is the treatment for polymorphous low grade adenocarcinoma? | show 🗑
|
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| Where do adenoid cystic carcinomas occur? | show 🗑
|
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| What are the clinical symptoms of adenoid cystic carcinoma? what sex is most affected? | show 🗑
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| show | cribiform, tubular and solid
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|
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| What is the treatment for adenoid cystic carcinoma? | show 🗑
|
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| Where do carcinoma ex mixed tumors develop? | show 🗑
|
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| show | 2.2% of all salivary gland tumors, 56.4 y/o (64% occur in 6th to 8th decade, 55% Female
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|
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| What are the clinical symptoms of carcinoma ex mixed tumor? | show 🗑
|
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| Where do carcinoma ex mixed tumors occur? | show 🗑
|
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| What is the histological presentation of carcinoma ex mixed tumor? | show 🗑
|
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| What is the treatment for carcinoma ex mixed tumor? | show 🗑
|
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| Lymphoid hyperplasia is caused by? | show 🗑
|
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| show | lymph nodes, waldeyer's ring, oral cavity lymphoid aggregates
🗑
|
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| show | lymphoid hyperplasia
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|
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| What is the treatment for lymphoid hyperplasia? | show 🗑
|
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| show | anterior cervical chain, parotid gland and buccal node
🗑
|
||||
| How do acutely inflamed lymph nodes usually present? Chronically inflamed? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Reactive lymph Nodes may be tough to distinguish from what? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Enlarged tonsils - may touch midline. Tonsils should be symmetrical. They usually very in size. Largest size is in 2nd decade then atrophy begins
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|
||||
| show | posterior lateral tongue (foliate papillitis), may also occur on floor of mouth and soft palate
🗑
|
||||
| What are the symptoms of hyperplasia of oral lymphoid aggregates? What disease can it mimic? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Factor 8 deficiency, X-linked recessive, abnormal PTT
🗑
|
||||
| show | Factor 9 deficiency, X-linked recessive, abnormal PTT
🗑
|
||||
| show | autosomal dominant, abnormal platelets, bleed time and PTT
🗑
|
||||
| What is the most common type of anemia? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | 1 in every 8,000 to 10,000 men. Variable expression, 25% normal factor 8 allows normal function, less than 10% factor 8 become symptomatic
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|
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| What symptoms are seen in hemophilia A. How is it corrected? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | von Willebrand's disease, 1 in every 800 to 1000 people
🗑
|
||||
| show | usually mild; not clinically significant. Seen in men and women; autosomal dominant
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|
||||
| show | aids adhesion of platelets at bleeding site and acts as a transport molecule for factor 8
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|
||||
| What are the two causes of anemia? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | altered iron metabolism, megaloblastic anemia, hemolytic anemia, Hgb disorders
🗑
|
||||
| show | Decreased ability of blood to carry O2, may see pallor of the mucous membranes
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|
||||
| Sickle Cell anemia is a genetic disorder that affects what? | show 🗑
|
||||
| In heterozygous patients for sickle cell, what % are carriers? | show 🗑
|
||||
| What % of blacks are carriers of sickle cell? How many blacks are born with the disease | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | vascular obstruction
🗑
|
||||
| What characterizes thalassemia? | show 🗑
|
||||
| What is the clinical progression of thalassemia? | show 🗑
|
||||
| What is the benefit for sickle cell anemia and thalassemia | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Minor - one defective gene; no significant clinical problems. Major - cooley's anemia; major clinical problems, extremely fragile RBCs, Mx and Md enlargement, "hair on end" skull films, die by one year due to infection or heart failure
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|
||||
| How do the number of genes affected in alpha thalassemia affect clinical presentations? | show 🗑
|
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| show | 4,3,2
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|
||||
| show | 1500/mm3 neutrophils, malignancy affecting bone marrow, drugs, viral and bacterial infection
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|
||||
| show | pus and abscess formation may not happen, oral lesions or ulcers usually on the attached gingiva
🗑
|
||||
| show | agranulocytosis
🗑
|
||||
| What usually causes agranulocytosis? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | "punched out" ulcerations and necrotizing gingivitis
🗑
|
||||
| How common is cyclic neutropenia? What are the lab symptoms and when to they start? | show 🗑
|
||||
| What are the physical symptoms of cyclic neutropenia? When do symptoms improve? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | 200,000-400,000/mm3 platelets, thrombocytopenia, symptoms begin below 100,000/mm3
🗑
|
||||
| What causes thrombocytopenia? | show 🗑
|
||||
| What are the physical symptoms of thrombocytopenia? | show 🗑
|
||||
| What is the name for the overproduction of RBCs at 2-3 times the normal rate? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Rare, idiopathic hematologic disease, 60 y/o, no sex predilection
🗑
|
||||
| show | Increased blood viscosity, thrombus formation, ruddy complection, generalized puritus, erythromelagia (buring sensation in extremities), 2-10% develop acute lukemia
🗑
|
||||
| What is the treatment for polycythemia vera? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Leukemia is a malignancy of? | show 🗑
|
||||
| How do acute and chronic lukemias differ? | show 🗑
|
||||
| What causes the symptoms of lukemia? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Reed sternberg cells are associated with what malignancy? | show 🗑
|
||||
| What sites are most commonly affected in the initial presentation of hodgkins disease? Age? | show 🗑
|
||||
| Which is more common, non hodgkins or hodgkins? | show 🗑
|
||||
| How many subtypes are there for hodgkins? | show 🗑
|
||||
| non hodgkin's lymphoma is a diverse group of ____________ malignancies? | show 🗑
|
||||
| show | Form in lymph nodes as solid masses, B-lymphocyte series is most common
🗑
|
||||
| How many cases of non Hodgkin's lymphoma every year? | show 🗑
|
||||
| oral lymphoma may affect what tissues? | show 🗑
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