SOL Review 2024
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| observation | Something that you can notice with one of your senses. The ball is red, the pan is hot, the egg smells like sulfur.
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| prediction | A statement about something happening in the future. It will rain later today, he will pass the SOL test.
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| motion | An objects speed and direction describe the objects:
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| friction | _______ is a force that opposes (works against) motion.
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| heat | Friction creates:
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| kinetic | Moving objects have ________ energy.
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| conductor | A __________ is a material that allows electricity to flow easily through it,
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| metals | Most ___________ are conductors because they allow electricity to flow easily through them.
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| insulator | A _________ is a material that does NOT allow electricity to flow easily through it.
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| insulators | Wood, plastic, and rubber are examples of ____________.
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| closed | A complete circuit that allows electrical current to flow
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| open | An incomplete circuit that does NOT allow electrical current to flow
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| static | When two objects rub against each other, negatively charged electrons build up and cause _________ electricity.
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| lightning | Ben Franklin discovered that _____________ was a form of static electricity in the atmosphere.
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| electrical | _____________ energy can be turned into heat, light, and kinetic energy.
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| electromagnet | Coiling (wrapping) a wire around a nail and running electrical current through the wire creates a(n):
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| magnetic field | A magnet has a __________ _________ that is strongest at the poles and weakest in the middle of the magnet.
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| attract | Opposite poles of a magnet will _______ each other.
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| repel | Similar (like) poles of a magnet ______ each other.
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| Faraday | This man worked with electromagnets and made the first electric motor
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| leaves | Where does the plant make its food?
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| roots | What part of the plant anchors it to the ground?
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| flower | What part of the plant is for reproduction?
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| fruit | On some plants, the flower turns into a:
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| stamen | The male part of the flower that produces the pollen
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| pistil | The female part of the flower
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| sepals | The green leaflets that protect the flower before it opens
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| spores | Ferns, mosses, and fungi don't make seeds, they make:
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| carbon dioxide | During photosynthesis, plants need ________ _______ from the atmosphere.
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| oxygen | During photosynthesis, plants release ___________ into the atmosphere.
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| sugar | During photosynthesis, plants create ________ for the plant to use.
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| dormancy | In the fall, when plants drop their leaves they enter a period of rest called:
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| behavioral | Birds flying south for the winter and a porcupine curling into a ball are examples of a _____________ adaptation.
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| structural | A ducks webbed feet and a penguins high body fat are __________ adaptations.
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| population | All of the deer in an area would be an example of a:
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| community | All of the living things in an area would be an example of a:
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| ecosystem | All of the living and non-living things in an area would be an example of an:
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| producer | A food chain always starts with a plant which is a :
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| consumer | A food chain always has a predator at the top which is a:
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| decomposer | A food chain always ends with a fungus or some other:
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| habitat | A __________ is where an organism lives and gets its food, shelter, and space.
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| niche | An organisms ____________ is where it is most comfortable. It is where an organism lives, what it eats, and what eats it.
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| barometer | A ____________ is a weather instrument that measures air pressure.
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| anemometer | A ___________ is a weather instrument that measures wind speed.
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| rain gauge | A ______ ______ is a weather instrument that measures precipitation.
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| thermometer | A __________ is a weather instrument that measures temperature.
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| cirrus | High-thin wispy clouds
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| cumulus | Puffy white (cotton ball) clouds
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| stratus | Thick grey blanket clouds
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| cumulonimbus | Tall, dark clouds that are storm clouds
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| hurricane | A __________ is a strong circular storm that starts over warm ocean water.
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| rotation | To spin on its axis
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| revolution | To make one trip around something
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| revolves | The Earth ____________ around the sun.
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| rotates | The Earth ___________ on its axis.
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| seasons | The tilt of the Earth on its axis causes the :
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| waxing | As we see more and more of the moon, we say it is:
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| waning | As we see less and less of the moon, we say it is:
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| month | The moon goes through all of its phases about once a:
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| sun | The diameter of the __________ is about 110 times the diameter of the Earth.
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| moon | The diameter of the ___________ is about 1/4 the diameter of the Earth.
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| yellow | The Sun is a medium sized _________ star.
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| Galileo | Copernicus and ______________ correctly believed that the Sun was the center of the solar system.
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| Aristotle | Ptolemy and ____________ incorrectly believed that the Earth was the center of the solar system.
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| watershed | All of the land drained by a river is called the
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| Holston | HOT TOMATOES ON MY GRILL is a way to remember our watershed address. H stands for
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| coal | Lumber and ___________ are important natural resources in Virginia.
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| sepals | The small leaves that form around the developing flower are the:
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| Thomas Edison | Who invented the light bulb:
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| The roots | Which plant part takes in water and nutrients?
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| The stem | Which part supports the plant and allows the movement of water and nutrients?
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| the leaves | Which plant part makes food for the plant?
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| pistil | The seed forms in the female reproductive part of the flower called the
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| stamen | Pollen forms on the ends of the male reproductive parts of the flower called the:
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| pollination | Pollen is transferred from the stamen to the pistil in a process called:
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| spores | Most plants reproduce with seeds, but ferns and mosses reproduce with:
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| photosynthesis | Green plants produce their own food in a process called:
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| water, nutrients, sunlight, carbon dioxide (from the air) and chlorophyll | To produce food, green plants use:
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| chlorophyll | Plants are green because of:
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| dormancy | Many plants enter a period of ______ in the winter, which is similar to hibernation for animals. During this period most of their normal activities stop.
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| habitat | An organism's _____ provides food, water, shelter and space.
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| sun | All energy comes from _____ , and then cycles through the food webs to all of the animals in the community.
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| plants | _______ get energy directly from the sun and use it to make food.
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| producers | Because plants produce their own food, they are called ___________ .
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| consumers | Organisms that get their energy from eating plants or other animals are called:
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| food web | All of the interrelated food chains in an ecosystem make up a:
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| plant | Food chains and food webs always start with a:
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| decomposer | The food chain starts with a producer (a plant) and ends with a:
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| ecosystem | All of the living and nonliving things in an environment make up an:
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| adaptations | All organisms have _________ that allow them to survive in its environment
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| migration, hibernation, instincts, etc | Behavioral adaptations are things that organisms do to survive. Examples of behavioral adaptations are:
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| temperature | The measure of the amount of heat energy in the atmosphere is:
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| humidity | The amount of moisture in the air is:
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| air pressure | The weight of the air causes:
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| air masses | Air circulates around the Earth in big chunks called:
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| a few drops | A milliliter of liquid is:
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| 1 liter | One thousand milliliters equals:
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| quart | A liter is close in volume to a:
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| balance | An instrument used to measure mass is a:
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| 1 gram | The mass of a paperclip or a sheet of paper is about:
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| 1 kilogram | The mass of a book could be about:
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| fingernail | A centimeter is about as long as your:
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| kinetic | Objects in motion have ______ energy.
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| stored | Potential energy is ________ energy.
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| potential energy | Due to the pull of gravity, the higher an object is off the ground, the more ____________ it has.
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| friction | Two objects rubbing together create:
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| heat | Friction resists or stops motion, and creates:
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| closed circuit | Which will light a bulb, an open or closed circuit?
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| conductors. | Electrical energy moves easily through materials that are:
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| metal | Wires are usually made from ____ because it conducts electricity well.
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| insulators | Material like rubber, plastic and wood do not conduct electricity well. They are:
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| electromagnet | If you wrap wire around a nail and run electricity through the wire, you have created an:
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| static electricity | If you rub your feet on the carpet, or rub a balloon on a wool sweater, you may create:
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| electrons | Static electricity occurs when negatively charged _____ are rubbed off of one surface and on to another.
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| static electricity | Benjamin Franklin learned that lightning was a form of electricity. What kind of electricity?
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| rainy weather ahead. | A falling barometer often means:
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| Cumulonimbus | What kind of cloud brings stormy weather, thunderstorms, and sometimes even tornadoes?
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| cumulus clouds | Puffy white clouds that look like cotton balls are:
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| cirrus clouds | High, thin, wispy clouds are:
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| stratus cloud | Which cloud forms a gray blanket over the sky, often bringing steady rain or drizzle?
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| barometer | This instrument measures air pressure is a:
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| anemometer | This instrument measures wind speed:
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| hygrometer | This instrument measures moisture in the air:
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| rain gauge | This instrument measures precipitation:
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| eight | Earth is one of ____ planets that revolve around the sun.
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| third | Earth is the ______ planet from the sun.
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| rocky inner planets | Venus, Mercury, Earth and Mars are the :
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| water and an oxygen rich atmosphere | What does the Earth have that allows it to support life?
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| It blocks out most of the sun's damaging rays. | How does the Earth's atmosphere protect the Earth?
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| the Earth | Ancient Greeks like Aristotle and Ptolemy believed _________ was the center of our solar system, and the planets and the sun revolved around us.
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| sun | Copernicus and Galileo tried to convince the world that ________ was actually the center of the solar system, and all of the planets revolve around it, and not around the Earth.
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| moon | The NASA Apollo missions sent astronauts to the ______ .
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| watershed | About half of Virginia is considered to be in the Chesapeake Bay ________ because the surface water and all of the materials it carries drain into the Chesapeake Bay.
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| forests | Much of Virginia is covered in ______, an important natural resource for Virginia.
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| coal | An important energy resource mined in the southwestern part of Virginia is ________ .
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| reproduction, it makes the seed | What is the role of the flower?
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| Wherever there was a flower | Where do you find fruits on a plant?
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| My Very Excellent Mother Just Served Us Nachos | How do we remember the order of the planets?
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| Aristotle & Ptolemy | Who incorrectly believed that the Earth was the center of the solar system?
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| carbon dioxide | What gas do plants need for photosynthesis?
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| Oxygen | What gas to plants release during photosynthesis?
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| quantitative | This type of measurement will include some kind of number (quantity)
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| qualitative | The type of measurement will include some kind of description (quality)
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| constants | In an experiment, the scientist will make sure some things don't change. These are called:
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| independent variable | In an experiment, the thing the scientist changes on purpose is called the:
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| dependent variable | In an experiment, the thing that changes or is measured is the:
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| frequency | A sound wave with MANY waves (short wavelengths) has a high:
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| volume | A sound wave with a HIGH amplitude will have a high:
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| vibrate | In order for sound to occur, something must:
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| vacuum | Sound cannot occur in a place with NO matter. This is a:
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| compression | Sound travels in a __________________ wave.
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| solids | Because of the way molecules are packed, sound travels fastest through:
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| gases | Because of the way molecules are packed, sound travels slowest through:
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| echolocation | Some animals like bats and dolphins use a type of sonar called:
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| sonar | Humans use _________ to bounce sound waves off the ocean floor.
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| red | Which color of visible light has the longest wavelength?
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| violet | Which color of visible light has the shortest wavelength?
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| refracted | A pencil in a glass of water looks broken because the light waves are being bent or :
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| reflect | Mirrors are smooth and shiny so they __________ light.
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| opaque | A material, like a brick wall, that does not allow any light to pass through is
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| translucent | A material, like wax paper, that allows some light through but not all is:
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| transparent | A material, like glass, that allows all light through is:
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| mixtures | Salad and trail mix are combinations without chemical bonds, so they are:
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| solution | When something dissolves, a special mixture called a __________ is formed.
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| dissolved | Lemonade and saltwater are solutions because something has been:
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| heat | To change a substance from one state to another you must ADD or TAKE AWAY:
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| backbone | Vertebrates are animals with a :
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| invertebrates | ___________ are animals, like insects and spiders, that do not have a backbone.
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| salinity | ___________ describes the saltiness of the ocean.
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| continental shelf | Most life in the ocean is found above the _________ _______.
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| sunlight | There is abundant life above the continental shelf because _____ reaches to the bottom.
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| continental slope | he steep drop-off from the shelf to the abyssal plain is called the:
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| continental rise | The bump at the bottom of the continental slope is called the ____ ______. It is there because of underwater landslides.
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| abyssal plain | The ______ _______ is the deep, flat part of the ocean floor.
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| pressure | As you go deeper into the ocean, water _________ increases.
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| temperature | As you go deeper into ocean, light and water ___________ decreases.
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| Gulf Stream | The _______ ________ current is a warm water current that travels across the Atlantic Ocean.
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| currents | River-like movements of water in the ocean are called _______. They can be cold or warm depending on where they started.
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| rock cycle | The _____ ______ is the very slow process by which rocks are broken down and formed.
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| magma | Igneous rocks come from cooled ____________.
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| igneous | Granite, basalt, and pumice are all ___________ rocks.
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| fossil | Sedimentary rocks form in layers and might have a ____________ embedded in it.
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| oldest | The ________ fossil are always on the bottom layer of rock.
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| sedimentary | Sandstone and limestone are both _____________ rocks.
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| pressure | Metamorphic rocks are formed by heat and ___________.
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| metamorphic | Marble and slate are both _____________ rocks.
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| inner core | The innermost layer of the Earth is the:
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| solid | The inner core is made of _________ iron and nickel.
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| liquid | The outer core is made of ___________ iron and nickel.
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| mantle | The ___________ is just below the crust and is made up of melted (molten) rock.
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| crust | The _________ is the thin, rocky outer layer of the Earth.
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| apart | A divergent boundary is a place where two of Earth's plates are moving :
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| together | A convergent boundary is a place where two of Earth's plates are moving:
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| sliding past | A transform boundary is where two of Earth's plates are _________ ______ each other.
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| weathering | When rocks are broken down by water, wind, and gravity this is called:
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| erosion | When smaller rocks are washed away and moved by water and wind, this is called:
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Review the information in the table. When you are ready to quiz yourself you can hide individual columns or the entire table. Then you can click on the empty cells to reveal the answer. Try to recall what will be displayed before clicking the empty cell.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
To hide a column, click on the column name.
To hide the entire table, click on the "Hide All" button.
You may also shuffle the rows of the table by clicking on the "Shuffle" button.
Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
If you know all the data on any row, you can temporarily remove it by tapping the trash can to the right of the row.
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