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SOL Review 2024
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| observation | Something that you can notice with one of your senses. The ball is red, the pan is hot, the egg smells like sulfur. |
| prediction | A statement about something happening in the future. It will rain later today, he will pass the SOL test. |
| motion | An objects speed and direction describe the objects: |
| friction | _______ is a force that opposes (works against) motion. |
| heat | Friction creates: |
| kinetic | Moving objects have ________ energy. |
| conductor | A __________ is a material that allows electricity to flow easily through it, |
| metals | Most ___________ are conductors because they allow electricity to flow easily through them. |
| insulator | A _________ is a material that does NOT allow electricity to flow easily through it. |
| insulators | Wood, plastic, and rubber are examples of ____________. |
| closed | A complete circuit that allows electrical current to flow |
| open | An incomplete circuit that does NOT allow electrical current to flow |
| static | When two objects rub against each other, negatively charged electrons build up and cause _________ electricity. |
| lightning | Ben Franklin discovered that _____________ was a form of static electricity in the atmosphere. |
| electrical | _____________ energy can be turned into heat, light, and kinetic energy. |
| electromagnet | Coiling (wrapping) a wire around a nail and running electrical current through the wire creates a(n): |
| magnetic field | A magnet has a __________ _________ that is strongest at the poles and weakest in the middle of the magnet. |
| attract | Opposite poles of a magnet will _______ each other. |
| repel | Similar (like) poles of a magnet ______ each other. |
| Faraday | This man worked with electromagnets and made the first electric motor |
| leaves | Where does the plant make its food? |
| roots | What part of the plant anchors it to the ground? |
| flower | What part of the plant is for reproduction? |
| fruit | On some plants, the flower turns into a: |
| stamen | The male part of the flower that produces the pollen |
| pistil | The female part of the flower |
| sepals | The green leaflets that protect the flower before it opens |
| spores | Ferns, mosses, and fungi don't make seeds, they make: |
| carbon dioxide | During photosynthesis, plants need ________ _______ from the atmosphere. |
| oxygen | During photosynthesis, plants release ___________ into the atmosphere. |
| sugar | During photosynthesis, plants create ________ for the plant to use. |
| dormancy | In the fall, when plants drop their leaves they enter a period of rest called: |
| behavioral | Birds flying south for the winter and a porcupine curling into a ball are examples of a _____________ adaptation. |
| structural | A ducks webbed feet and a penguins high body fat are __________ adaptations. |
| population | All of the deer in an area would be an example of a: |
| community | All of the living things in an area would be an example of a: |
| ecosystem | All of the living and non-living things in an area would be an example of an: |
| producer | A food chain always starts with a plant which is a : |
| consumer | A food chain always has a predator at the top which is a: |
| decomposer | A food chain always ends with a fungus or some other: |
| habitat | A __________ is where an organism lives and gets its food, shelter, and space. |
| niche | An organisms ____________ is where it is most comfortable. It is where an organism lives, what it eats, and what eats it. |
| barometer | A ____________ is a weather instrument that measures air pressure. |
| anemometer | A ___________ is a weather instrument that measures wind speed. |
| rain gauge | A ______ ______ is a weather instrument that measures precipitation. |
| thermometer | A __________ is a weather instrument that measures temperature. |
| cirrus | High-thin wispy clouds |
| cumulus | Puffy white (cotton ball) clouds |
| stratus | Thick grey blanket clouds |
| cumulonimbus | Tall, dark clouds that are storm clouds |
| hurricane | A __________ is a strong circular storm that starts over warm ocean water. |
| rotation | To spin on its axis |
| revolution | To make one trip around something |
| revolves | The Earth ____________ around the sun. |
| rotates | The Earth ___________ on its axis. |
| seasons | The tilt of the Earth on its axis causes the : |
| waxing | As we see more and more of the moon, we say it is: |
| waning | As we see less and less of the moon, we say it is: |
| month | The moon goes through all of its phases about once a: |
| sun | The diameter of the __________ is about 110 times the diameter of the Earth. |
| moon | The diameter of the ___________ is about 1/4 the diameter of the Earth. |
| yellow | The Sun is a medium sized _________ star. |
| Galileo | Copernicus and ______________ correctly believed that the Sun was the center of the solar system. |
| Aristotle | Ptolemy and ____________ incorrectly believed that the Earth was the center of the solar system. |
| watershed | All of the land drained by a river is called the |
| Holston | HOT TOMATOES ON MY GRILL is a way to remember our watershed address. H stands for |
| coal | Lumber and ___________ are important natural resources in Virginia. |
| sepals | The small leaves that form around the developing flower are the: |
| Thomas Edison | Who invented the light bulb: |
| The roots | Which plant part takes in water and nutrients? |
| The stem | Which part supports the plant and allows the movement of water and nutrients? |
| the leaves | Which plant part makes food for the plant? |
| pistil | The seed forms in the female reproductive part of the flower called the |
| stamen | Pollen forms on the ends of the male reproductive parts of the flower called the: |
| pollination | Pollen is transferred from the stamen to the pistil in a process called: |
| spores | Most plants reproduce with seeds, but ferns and mosses reproduce with: |
| photosynthesis | Green plants produce their own food in a process called: |
| water, nutrients, sunlight, carbon dioxide (from the air) and chlorophyll | To produce food, green plants use: |
| chlorophyll | Plants are green because of: |
| dormancy | Many plants enter a period of ______ in the winter, which is similar to hibernation for animals. During this period most of their normal activities stop. |
| habitat | An organism's _____ provides food, water, shelter and space. |
| sun | All energy comes from _____ , and then cycles through the food webs to all of the animals in the community. |
| plants | _______ get energy directly from the sun and use it to make food. |
| producers | Because plants produce their own food, they are called ___________ . |
| consumers | Organisms that get their energy from eating plants or other animals are called: |
| food web | All of the interrelated food chains in an ecosystem make up a: |
| plant | Food chains and food webs always start with a: |
| decomposer | The food chain starts with a producer (a plant) and ends with a: |
| ecosystem | All of the living and nonliving things in an environment make up an: |
| adaptations | All organisms have _________ that allow them to survive in its environment |
| migration, hibernation, instincts, etc | Behavioral adaptations are things that organisms do to survive. Examples of behavioral adaptations are: |
| temperature | The measure of the amount of heat energy in the atmosphere is: |
| humidity | The amount of moisture in the air is: |
| air pressure | The weight of the air causes: |
| air masses | Air circulates around the Earth in big chunks called: |
| a few drops | A milliliter of liquid is: |
| 1 liter | One thousand milliliters equals: |
| quart | A liter is close in volume to a: |
| balance | An instrument used to measure mass is a: |
| 1 gram | The mass of a paperclip or a sheet of paper is about: |
| 1 kilogram | The mass of a book could be about: |
| fingernail | A centimeter is about as long as your: |
| kinetic | Objects in motion have ______ energy. |
| stored | Potential energy is ________ energy. |
| potential energy | Due to the pull of gravity, the higher an object is off the ground, the more ____________ it has. |
| friction | Two objects rubbing together create: |
| heat | Friction resists or stops motion, and creates: |
| closed circuit | Which will light a bulb, an open or closed circuit? |
| conductors. | Electrical energy moves easily through materials that are: |
| metal | Wires are usually made from ____ because it conducts electricity well. |
| insulators | Material like rubber, plastic and wood do not conduct electricity well. They are: |
| electromagnet | If you wrap wire around a nail and run electricity through the wire, you have created an: |
| static electricity | If you rub your feet on the carpet, or rub a balloon on a wool sweater, you may create: |
| electrons | Static electricity occurs when negatively charged _____ are rubbed off of one surface and on to another. |
| static electricity | Benjamin Franklin learned that lightning was a form of electricity. What kind of electricity? |
| rainy weather ahead. | A falling barometer often means: |
| Cumulonimbus | What kind of cloud brings stormy weather, thunderstorms, and sometimes even tornadoes? |
| cumulus clouds | Puffy white clouds that look like cotton balls are: |
| cirrus clouds | High, thin, wispy clouds are: |
| stratus cloud | Which cloud forms a gray blanket over the sky, often bringing steady rain or drizzle? |
| barometer | This instrument measures air pressure is a: |
| anemometer | This instrument measures wind speed: |
| hygrometer | This instrument measures moisture in the air: |
| rain gauge | This instrument measures precipitation: |
| eight | Earth is one of ____ planets that revolve around the sun. |
| third | Earth is the ______ planet from the sun. |
| rocky inner planets | Venus, Mercury, Earth and Mars are the : |
| water and an oxygen rich atmosphere | What does the Earth have that allows it to support life? |
| It blocks out most of the sun's damaging rays. | How does the Earth's atmosphere protect the Earth? |
| the Earth | Ancient Greeks like Aristotle and Ptolemy believed _________ was the center of our solar system, and the planets and the sun revolved around us. |
| sun | Copernicus and Galileo tried to convince the world that ________ was actually the center of the solar system, and all of the planets revolve around it, and not around the Earth. |
| moon | The NASA Apollo missions sent astronauts to the ______ . |
| watershed | About half of Virginia is considered to be in the Chesapeake Bay ________ because the surface water and all of the materials it carries drain into the Chesapeake Bay. |
| forests | Much of Virginia is covered in ______, an important natural resource for Virginia. |
| coal | An important energy resource mined in the southwestern part of Virginia is ________ . |
| reproduction, it makes the seed | What is the role of the flower? |
| Wherever there was a flower | Where do you find fruits on a plant? |
| My Very Excellent Mother Just Served Us Nachos | How do we remember the order of the planets? |
| Aristotle & Ptolemy | Who incorrectly believed that the Earth was the center of the solar system? |
| carbon dioxide | What gas do plants need for photosynthesis? |
| Oxygen | What gas to plants release during photosynthesis? |
| quantitative | This type of measurement will include some kind of number (quantity) |
| qualitative | The type of measurement will include some kind of description (quality) |
| constants | In an experiment, the scientist will make sure some things don't change. These are called: |
| independent variable | In an experiment, the thing the scientist changes on purpose is called the: |
| dependent variable | In an experiment, the thing that changes or is measured is the: |
| frequency | A sound wave with MANY waves (short wavelengths) has a high: |
| volume | A sound wave with a HIGH amplitude will have a high: |
| vibrate | In order for sound to occur, something must: |
| vacuum | Sound cannot occur in a place with NO matter. This is a: |
| compression | Sound travels in a __________________ wave. |
| solids | Because of the way molecules are packed, sound travels fastest through: |
| gases | Because of the way molecules are packed, sound travels slowest through: |
| echolocation | Some animals like bats and dolphins use a type of sonar called: |
| sonar | Humans use _________ to bounce sound waves off the ocean floor. |
| red | Which color of visible light has the longest wavelength? |
| violet | Which color of visible light has the shortest wavelength? |
| refracted | A pencil in a glass of water looks broken because the light waves are being bent or : |
| reflect | Mirrors are smooth and shiny so they __________ light. |
| opaque | A material, like a brick wall, that does not allow any light to pass through is |
| translucent | A material, like wax paper, that allows some light through but not all is: |
| transparent | A material, like glass, that allows all light through is: |
| mixtures | Salad and trail mix are combinations without chemical bonds, so they are: |
| solution | When something dissolves, a special mixture called a __________ is formed. |
| dissolved | Lemonade and saltwater are solutions because something has been: |
| heat | To change a substance from one state to another you must ADD or TAKE AWAY: |
| backbone | Vertebrates are animals with a : |
| invertebrates | ___________ are animals, like insects and spiders, that do not have a backbone. |
| salinity | ___________ describes the saltiness of the ocean. |
| continental shelf | Most life in the ocean is found above the _________ _______. |
| sunlight | There is abundant life above the continental shelf because _____ reaches to the bottom. |
| continental slope | he steep drop-off from the shelf to the abyssal plain is called the: |
| continental rise | The bump at the bottom of the continental slope is called the ____ ______. It is there because of underwater landslides. |
| abyssal plain | The ______ _______ is the deep, flat part of the ocean floor. |
| pressure | As you go deeper into the ocean, water _________ increases. |
| temperature | As you go deeper into ocean, light and water ___________ decreases. |
| Gulf Stream | The _______ ________ current is a warm water current that travels across the Atlantic Ocean. |
| currents | River-like movements of water in the ocean are called _______. They can be cold or warm depending on where they started. |
| rock cycle | The _____ ______ is the very slow process by which rocks are broken down and formed. |
| magma | Igneous rocks come from cooled ____________. |
| igneous | Granite, basalt, and pumice are all ___________ rocks. |
| fossil | Sedimentary rocks form in layers and might have a ____________ embedded in it. |
| oldest | The ________ fossil are always on the bottom layer of rock. |
| sedimentary | Sandstone and limestone are both _____________ rocks. |
| pressure | Metamorphic rocks are formed by heat and ___________. |
| metamorphic | Marble and slate are both _____________ rocks. |
| inner core | The innermost layer of the Earth is the: |
| solid | The inner core is made of _________ iron and nickel. |
| liquid | The outer core is made of ___________ iron and nickel. |
| mantle | The ___________ is just below the crust and is made up of melted (molten) rock. |
| crust | The _________ is the thin, rocky outer layer of the Earth. |
| apart | A divergent boundary is a place where two of Earth's plates are moving : |
| together | A convergent boundary is a place where two of Earth's plates are moving: |
| sliding past | A transform boundary is where two of Earth's plates are _________ ______ each other. |
| weathering | When rocks are broken down by water, wind, and gravity this is called: |
| erosion | When smaller rocks are washed away and moved by water and wind, this is called: |
Created by:
lkcasteel
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