earthquake and volcano vocabulary
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Earthquake | vibrations produced when rocks break along a fault
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| Fault | surface along which rocks move when they pass their elastic limit and break
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| Focus | in an earthquake, the point below Earth's surface where energy is released in the form of seismic waves
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| Primary waves | seismic wave that moves rock particles back-and-forth in the same direction that the wave travels
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| Secondary waves | seismic wave that moves rock particles at right angles to the direction of the wave
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| Surface waves | seismic wave that moves rock particles up-and-down in the backward rolling motion and side-to-side in a swaying motion
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| Epicenter | point on Earth's surface directly above and earthquake's focus
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| Seismograph | instrument used to register earthquake waves and record the time that each arrived
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| Richter scale | a scale used to measure the magnitude of an earthquake
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| modified Mercalli scale | a scale used to measure the amount of damage that occurred during an earthquake
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| volcano | opening in Earth's surface that erupts sulfurouse gases, ash, and lava; can form at Earth's plate boundaries, where plates move apart or together, and at hot spots
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| vent | opening where magma is forced up and flows out onto Earth's surface as lava, forming a volcano
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| crater | steep-walled depression around a volcano's vent
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| Hot spot | the result of an unusually hot area at the boundary between Earth's mantle and core that forms volacoes when melted rock is forced upward and breaks through the crust
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| Shield volcano | broad, gently sloping volcano formed by quiet eruptions of basaltic lava
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| cinder cone volcano | steep-sided, loosely packed volcano formed when tephra falls to the ground
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| composite volcano | volcano built by alternating explosive and quiet eruptions that produce layers of tephra and lava; found mostly where Earth's plates come together and one plate sinks below the other
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| tephra | bits of rock or soldified lava dropped from the air during an explosive volcanic eruption; ranges in size from volcanic ash to volcanic bombs and blocks
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Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
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Created by:
pistons22
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