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Dental Professionals Vocabulary

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Term
Definition
Acquired immunity   Immunity that is developed during a person’s lifetime.  
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Acute infection   An infection of short duration that is often severe.  
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Artificially acquired immunity   Immunity that results from a vaccination.  
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Blood-borne disease   Disease that is caused by microorganisms such as viruses or bacteria that are carried in blood.  
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Blood-borne pathogens   Disease-causing organisms transferred through contact with blood or other body fluids.  
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Chain of infection   Conditions that all must be present for infection to occur.  
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Chronic infection   An infection of long duration.  
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Communicable disease   Condition caused by an infection that can be spread from person to person or through contact with body fluids.  
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Contaminated waste   Items such as gloves and patient napkins that may contain potentially infectious body fluids of patients.  
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Direct contact   Touching or contact with a patient’s blood or saliva.  
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Droplet infection   An infection that occurs through mucosal surfaces of the eyes, nose, or mouth.  
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Epidemiologic studies   Studies of the patterns and causes of diseases.  
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Hazardous waste   Waste that poses a danger to humans or to the environment.  
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Immunity   Ability of the body to resist disease.  
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Indirect contact   Touching or contact with a contaminated surface or instrument.  
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Infection control   Policies and practices designed to prevent the spread of infectious agents.  
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Infection prevention   Ultimate goal of all infection control procedures and policies.  
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Infectious disease   Disease that is communicable.  
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Infectious waste   Waste that is capable of transmitting an infectious disease.  
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Inherited immunity   Immunity that is present at birth  
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Latent infection   Persistent infection with recurrent symptoms that “come and go.”  
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Naturally acquired immunity   Immunity that occurs when a person has contracted and is recovering from a disease.  
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Occupational exposure   Any reasonably anticipated skin, eye, or mucous membrane contact or percutaneous injury involving blood or any other potentially infectious materials.  
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