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Ecology

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Question
Answer
aquatic   of, in, or pertaining to water  
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biological succession   gradual change of one type of natural community into another  
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biomes   a complex biotic community characterized by distinctive plant and animal species and maintained under the climatic conditions of the region, esp. such a community that has developed to climax  
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biosphere   the ecosystem comprising the entire earth and the living organisms that inhabit it  
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carnivores   a flesh-eating mammal of the order Carnivora, comprising the dogs, cats, bears, seals, and weasels  
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community   a locality inhabited by such a group  
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competition   between two or more persons or groups for an object desired in common, usually resulting in a victor and a loser but not necessarily involving the destruction of the latter  
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cooperation   an act or instance of working or acting together for a common purpose or benefit; joint action  
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decomposers   an organism, usually a bacterium or fungus, that breaks down the cells of dead plants and animals into simpler substances.  
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ecology   the branch of biology dealing with the relations and interactions between organisms and their environment, including other organisms  
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ecosystem   a system formed by the interaction of a community of organisms with their environment  
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environment   the air, water, minerals, organisms, and all other external factors surrounding and affecting a given organism at any time  
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food chain   a series of organisms interrelated in their feeding habits, the smallest being fed upon by a larger one, which in turn feeds a still larger one, etc  
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food web   a series of organisms related by predator-prey and consumer-resource interactions; the entirety of interrelated food chains in an ecological community  
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habitat   the natural environment of an organism; place that is natural for the life and growth of an organism  
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herbivores   feeding on plants.  
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humus   the dark organic material in soils, produced by the decomposition of vegetable or animal matter and essential to the fertility of the earth  
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niche   the position or function of an organism in a community of plants and animals  
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omnivores   eating both animal and plant foods  
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population   all the individuals of one species in a given area  
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predators   any organism that exists by preying upon other organisms  
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prey   an animal hunted or seized for food, esp. by a carnivorous animal  
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primary consumers   animals that eat plants  
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producer   an organism, as a plant, that is able to produce its own food from inorganic substances  
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saprophytes   any organism that lives on dead organic matter, as certain fungi and bacteria  
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scavenger   an animal or other organism that feeds on dead organic matter  
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secondary consumers   animals that eat meat  
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soil   the portion of the earth's surface consisting of disintegrated rock and humus  
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symbiont   an organism living in a state of symbiosis  
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symbiosis   the living together of two dissimilar organisms, as in mutualism, commensalism, amensalism, or parasitism  
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terrestrial   living on or in the ground; not aquatic, arboreal, or aerial.  
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tertiary consumers   feeds upon secondary consumers  
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