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Sience chap. 24
Ecology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| aquatic | of, in, or pertaining to water |
| biological succession | gradual change of one type of natural community into another |
| biomes | a complex biotic community characterized by distinctive plant and animal species and maintained under the climatic conditions of the region, esp. such a community that has developed to climax |
| biosphere | the ecosystem comprising the entire earth and the living organisms that inhabit it |
| carnivores | a flesh-eating mammal of the order Carnivora, comprising the dogs, cats, bears, seals, and weasels |
| community | a locality inhabited by such a group |
| competition | between two or more persons or groups for an object desired in common, usually resulting in a victor and a loser but not necessarily involving the destruction of the latter |
| cooperation | an act or instance of working or acting together for a common purpose or benefit; joint action |
| decomposers | an organism, usually a bacterium or fungus, that breaks down the cells of dead plants and animals into simpler substances. |
| ecology | the branch of biology dealing with the relations and interactions between organisms and their environment, including other organisms |
| ecosystem | a system formed by the interaction of a community of organisms with their environment |
| environment | the air, water, minerals, organisms, and all other external factors surrounding and affecting a given organism at any time |
| food chain | a series of organisms interrelated in their feeding habits, the smallest being fed upon by a larger one, which in turn feeds a still larger one, etc |
| food web | a series of organisms related by predator-prey and consumer-resource interactions; the entirety of interrelated food chains in an ecological community |
| habitat | the natural environment of an organism; place that is natural for the life and growth of an organism |
| herbivores | feeding on plants. |
| humus | the dark organic material in soils, produced by the decomposition of vegetable or animal matter and essential to the fertility of the earth |
| niche | the position or function of an organism in a community of plants and animals |
| omnivores | eating both animal and plant foods |
| population | all the individuals of one species in a given area |
| predators | any organism that exists by preying upon other organisms |
| prey | an animal hunted or seized for food, esp. by a carnivorous animal |
| primary consumers | animals that eat plants |
| producer | an organism, as a plant, that is able to produce its own food from inorganic substances |
| saprophytes | any organism that lives on dead organic matter, as certain fungi and bacteria |
| scavenger | an animal or other organism that feeds on dead organic matter |
| secondary consumers | animals that eat meat |
| soil | the portion of the earth's surface consisting of disintegrated rock and humus |
| symbiont | an organism living in a state of symbiosis |
| symbiosis | the living together of two dissimilar organisms, as in mutualism, commensalism, amensalism, or parasitism |
| terrestrial | living on or in the ground; not aquatic, arboreal, or aerial. |
| tertiary consumers | feeds upon secondary consumers |
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daisy37311
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