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Psych 367 M1

Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in each of the black spaces below before clicking on it to display the answer.
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Term
Definition
show smallest stimulus level that can just be detected  
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show motor activities in response to the stimulus  
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show processing that is based on the stimuli reaching the receptor  
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Categorize   show
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show 2-mm-thick layer that contains the machinery for creating perceptions  
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Classical psychophysical methods   show
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show the smallest difference between two stimuli that enables us to tell the difference between them  
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Distal stimulus   show
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Frontal lobe   show
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show thee smallest width of lines that participants can detect  
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show any information that the perceiver brings to a situation, such as prior experience or expectations  
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show measuring judgements of sensory stimuli in a mathematical way (bright, dim; big, small)  
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Method of adjustment   show
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Method of constant stimuli   show
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show stimuli are presented in a graduated scale, and participants must judge whether they detected the stimulus or not  
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show changes in signals that occur as they are transmitted through the brain  
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Oblique effect   show
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Occipital lobe   show
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show area for the skin senses—touch, temperature, and pain  
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show number for “loudness”  
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show experience that results from the stimulation of the senses  
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show journey from stimuli to responses  
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Phenomenological report   show
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show relates physiological responses and behavioral responses  
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Primary receiving area   show
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Principle of representation   show
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show stimuli and responses created by stimuli are transformed, or changed, between the distal stimulus and perception.  
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show representation of the distal stimulus on the receptors (electron, photons, vibrations)  
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show measures the relationships between the physical (the stimulus) and the psychological (the behavioral response)  
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show the image that you either interpret as a rat or a man depending on what you were primed for  
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show speed with which we react to something  
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show placing an object in a category  
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Sensation   show
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show neurons specialized to respond to environmental stimuli  
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Stimulus–behavior relationship   show
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show relationship between stimuli (Steps 1–2) and physiological responses  
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Temporal lobe   show
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Thresholds   show
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show processing that is based on knowledge  
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show transformation of environmental energy (such as light, sound, or thermal energy) to electrical energy  
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Visual form agnosia   show
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show predictable rise and fall of the charge inside the axon relative to the outside  
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show conducts electrical signals (long)  
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show recording brain responses in neurologically normal humans  
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Broca’s area   show
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show provides for cell  
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show receive signals from other cells. Connected to cell body  
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Depolarization   show
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show brain represents information in patterns distributed across the cortex, rather than in one single brain area  
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show when the neuron becomes depolarized, and thus the inside of the neuron becomes more positive  
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Falling phase of the action potential   show
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show neural activity associated with a particular function that is flowing through this structural network  
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Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)   show
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show neuron in your brain that fires only in response to one person  
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Hyperpolarization   show
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show when the charge inside the axon becomes more negative so that firing is harder  
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show molecules that carry an electrical charge  
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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)   show
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show How do physical processes like nerve impulses (the body part of the problem) become transformed into the richness of perceptual experience (the mind part of the problem)?  
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Modularity   show
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Module   show
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Nerve fiber   show
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Neurons   show
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Neuropsychology   show
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Neurotransmitters   show
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show This opening of sodium channels  
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show mental faculties that could be mapped onto different brain areas based on the bumps and contours on the person’s skull  
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Population coding   show
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Propagated response   show
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Receptor sites   show
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show the interval between the time one nerve impulse occurs and the next one can be generated in the axon  
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show -70 mV  
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Resting-state fMRI   show
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show  
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Rising phase of the action potential   show
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show brain location associated with carrying out a specific task  
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Sensory coding   show
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show particular stimulus is represented by a pattern of firing of only a small group of neurons  
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show specialized neuron that responds only to one concept or stimulus  
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Spontaneous activity   show
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show “road map” of fibers connecting different areas of the brain  
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show small space between axon and dendrite  
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show fMRI measured as a person is engaged in a specific task  
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Test location   show
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show understanding speech  
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Absorption spectrum   show
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Accommodation   show
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Amacrine cells   show
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show eyeball is too long  
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show  
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show the spot where you optic nerve concerts to eye ball  
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Center-surround antagonism   show
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show  
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show how placing colors side by side could alter their appearance  
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Cone spectral sensitivity   show
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show color  
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Convergence   show
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Cornea   show
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show when our rods are activated and become sensitive to low light environments  
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Dark adaptation curve (p. 46)   show
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show sensitivity at the end of dark adaptation  
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show when a person’s retina becomes detached from the pigment epithelium, a layer that contains enzymes necessary for pigment regeneration  
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Edge enhancement   show
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show presenting a spot of light increases firing  
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show  
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Eyes (p. 40)   show
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Farsightedness/ hyperopia   show
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show contains only cones  
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show output neurons that encode and transmit information from the eye to the brain  
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show GABAergic interneurons that receive information from cones and rods  
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Inhibitory area   show
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Inhibitory-center, excitatory-surround receptive field (p. 56)   show
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Isomerization   show
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Lateral inhibition   show
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show the blob that does the focusing. The thing that doesn't work in my eye  
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Light-adapted sensitivity   show
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show Light and dark bands created at fuzzy borders  
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show destroys the cone-rich fovea and a small area that surrounds it  
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Monochromatic light   show
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Myopia/ Nearsightedness   show
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Neural circuits   show
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Neural convergence   show
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show large structures inside the horseshoe crabs eyes that made it easy to study lateral inhibition  
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show nerve that goes from eye to brain  
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show part of the receptor that contains light-sensitive chemicals called visual pigments  
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Peripheral retina   show
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Photoreceptors   show
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show  
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Presbyopia   show
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show pretty muscle  
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Purkinje shift   show
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Receptive field   show
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show f errors that can affect the ability of the cornea and/or lens to focus the visual input onto the retina  
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Refractive myopia   show
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Retina (p. 40)   show
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Retinitis pigmentosa   show
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Rod monochromats   show
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show The place where the rods begin to determine the dark adaptation curve instead of the cones  
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show measuring sensitivity after the eye is dark adapted  
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Rods   show
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Spectral sensitivity   show
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show  
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show transformation of environmental energy (such as light, sound, or thermal energy) to electrical energy  
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show ability to see detail (better in cones)  
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Visual evoked potential   show
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Visual pigment bleaching   show
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Visual pigment regeneration   show
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show part of the receptor that contains light-sensitive chemicals  
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