322 Cardiac glycosides
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| digoxin | cardiac glycoside that inhibits the sodium potassium pump resulting in an increased intracellular sodium
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| mode of action digoxin | increases myocardial contractility, enhances cardiac output, decreases preload, improves blood flow to periphery and kidneys, decreases edema and promotes fluid excretion
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| positive inotropic | increases myocardial contractility
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| negative chronotropic | decrease HR
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| negative dromotropic | decreases the conduction speed of the impulses from the SA node to the AV node
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| phosphodiesterase inhibitors | cardiotonic inotropic agents; increase stroke volume and cardiac output which promotes vasodilation
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| antianginal drugs | nitrates, beta blockers, calcium channel blockers
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| nitrates, nitroglycerin | promotes rapid and generalized vascular and coronary vasodilation increasing blood flow to the heart
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| nitroglycerin | decrease preload and after load, reduces myocardial oxygen demand
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| beta blockers | block action of catecholamines, decrease HR and BP; decrease workload of heart and oxygen demands which decreases force of contraction
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| calcium channel blockers | relax coronary artery spasm, relax peripheral arterioles, decrease cardiac contractility, decrease after load and peripheral resistance
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| digoxin toxicity | anorexia, nausea and vomiting, headache, malaise, blurred vision, halos surrounding objects, confusion and delirium, bradycardia
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| antidote for digoxin toxicity | digoxin immune fab; binds with digoxin to form complex molecules that can be excreted in the urine
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| side effects of nitroglycerin | headache, hypotension, fluching
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| route of nitroglycerin | sublingual, 1 dose every 5 minutes, 3 doses max
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