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322 Exam 2

322 Cardiac glycosides

TermDefinition
digoxin cardiac glycoside that inhibits the sodium potassium pump resulting in an increased intracellular sodium
mode of action digoxin increases myocardial contractility, enhances cardiac output, decreases preload, improves blood flow to periphery and kidneys, decreases edema and promotes fluid excretion
positive inotropic increases myocardial contractility
negative chronotropic decrease HR
negative dromotropic decreases the conduction speed of the impulses from the SA node to the AV node
phosphodiesterase inhibitors cardiotonic inotropic agents; increase stroke volume and cardiac output which promotes vasodilation
antianginal drugs nitrates, beta blockers, calcium channel blockers
nitrates, nitroglycerin promotes rapid and generalized vascular and coronary vasodilation increasing blood flow to the heart
nitroglycerin decrease preload and after load, reduces myocardial oxygen demand
beta blockers block action of catecholamines, decrease HR and BP; decrease workload of heart and oxygen demands which decreases force of contraction
calcium channel blockers relax coronary artery spasm, relax peripheral arterioles, decrease cardiac contractility, decrease after load and peripheral resistance
digoxin toxicity anorexia, nausea and vomiting, headache, malaise, blurred vision, halos surrounding objects, confusion and delirium, bradycardia
antidote for digoxin toxicity digoxin immune fab; binds with digoxin to form complex molecules that can be excreted in the urine
side effects of nitroglycerin headache, hypotension, fluching
route of nitroglycerin sublingual, 1 dose every 5 minutes, 3 doses max
Created by: ahommel
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