RRC Maintenance - Anemias
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show | any condition altering or reducing the body's ability to transport O2
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causes of anemia | show 🗑
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iron-deficiency anemia | show 🗑
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causes of iron-deficiency anemia | show 🗑
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pernicious anemia | show 🗑
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show | autoimmune, celiac disease, gastrectomy, radiation therapy of gastric tissue, meds
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causes of folate deficiency anemia | show 🗑
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show | characterized by RBC destruction where the body compensates significantly for RBC destruction by increasing marrow production, but when demand outstrips supply, the result is hemolytic anemia
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show | may be hereditary, toxins, impaired immune response, mechanical hemolysis
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show | secondary to decreased or absent hemotopoiesis in bone marrow as a result of injury or death to hemocytoblasts...affects production of RBC, WBC and platelets
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causes of aplastic anemia | show 🗑
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show | affects the ability of O2 to bind to RBC as result of "sickle"-shaped structure of RBC
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sickle cell crisis | show 🗑
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polycythemia vera | show 🗑
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idiopathic thrombocytopenia | show 🗑
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show | hereditary clotting disorder (x-linked) that results in a breach in the clotting cascade resulting in the inability to form a stable fibrin clot at site of injury
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major complication of hemophilia | show 🗑
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s+sx of iron deficiency anemia | show 🗑
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show | lassitude, pallour, tachycardia, dyspnea, angina, glossitis, anorexia, dyspepsia, diarrhea, constipation, peripheral paresthesia, loss of proprioception
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show | develops gradually -> fatigue, dyspnea, susceptibility to infection, febrile, predisposition to bleeding
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show | pallour, lassitude, weakness, jaundice r/t RBC hemolysis, cholecystitis, increases in erythropoiesis creates an enlarged marrow space (ie: frontal skull bone), systemic organ damage, pain r/t tissue ischemia
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show | pounding headaches, tinnitis, vertigo, vision difficulties, intermittent claudication, angina, thrombophlebitis, generalized phlebitis r/t increased # of basophils, hepato/splenomegaly, peptic ulcer pain, plethora, hyperurecemia
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s+sx of ITP | show 🗑
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show | ranges from excessive bleeding from minor cuts to spontaneous internal hemorrhages
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intervention for Fe-deficient anemia | show 🗑
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show | vitamin c increases absorption of iron
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teaching about iron supplements | show 🗑
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heme iron sources | show 🗑
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show | spinach, dark green leafy veggies, beans
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show | it is destroyed by gastric chemicals
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What food should you teach your clients that are high in folate? | show 🗑
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What is the treatment for aplastic anemia in those younger than 45 years? | show 🗑
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show | to treat hypoxemia and control sickling
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What is a phlebotomy? What type anemia is it used to treat? | show 🗑
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What do you need to assess for after a phlebotomy? | show 🗑
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show | plan care to alternate periods of rest and activity adn limiting visitors, phone calls, noise and interruption from hospital staff
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What can the nurse do to promote adequate nutrition in those with anemia? | show 🗑
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interventions for those at risk for bleeding? | show 🗑
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Why should someone with polycythemia vera increase their fluid intake? | show 🗑
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For individuals at risk for bleeding, what should be assessed? | show 🗑
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show | application of cold compresses, gentle direct pressure and elevation/rest of affected part....seek medical attention promptly
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