Structures and forces
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Structure | any structure that provides support
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| Structure strength | the capacity of a structure to support both the load of its own materials plus any additional load applied to it
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| Structure stability | the ability of a structure to maintain its position even when it’s being acted on by forces; being balanced, difficult to topple over
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| Force | a push or a pull that tends to cause an object to change it movement or shape; force is measured in newtons law; (ex) of force would be pushing a scooter
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| Solid Structure | structure made of a solid piece (, or solid combination of pieces) of strong material; (ex) a cement pad, it has little or no shape inside
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| Frame Structure | structure consisting of a rigid arrangement of parts joined together; (ex) a skeleton
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| Shell Structure | structure with a solid outer surface (which may be rounded or flat in shape) and a hollow inner area; (ex) a Styrofoam cup
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| Combination structure | two are using or more of the three types to improve on its function
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| Function | : the use or purpose of a structure; for (Ex) the function of a thermos is to keep a drink cool on a hot day
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| Inukshuk: | a stone marker built by Inuit to mark hunting grounds or food cashes
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| Aesthetics: | a pleasing appearance or effect that an object has because of its design
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| Stonehenge: | a prehistoric monument, the ancient monument on the south berry plane of England
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| tpoic two | topic two
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| Newton: | : unit for measuring force; 1N equals the amount of needed to hold up a mass of 100g (1N = 100g)
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| Mass: | amount of mater in an object (usually measured in grams and kilograms)
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| External force | : force applied to an object by something else; for (ex), a person sitting o a chair
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| Center of gravity | imaginary point in an object were downward force of gravity acts; for (ex) point at which a ruler is balanced on your finger
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| Symmetry: | : balanced arrangement of mass on opposite side of a line or plane, or around a center axis
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| Load | : external force acting on an object; load can be measured by weight
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| Static load: | always there (include materials that make up that structure) (ex) bridge materials
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| Dynamic load | moving or changing force acting on an object; for (ex) downward force of cars moving over the bridge
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| Beam bridge: | most common (flat bridge supported at each end) (longer ones may have piers) or vertical supports
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| Truss bridge: | bridge supported by triangular shape supports (trusses)
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| Suspension bridge | : bridge having its own roadway hung from large cables supported between tall towers
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| Arch bridge | heavy duty bridge made of stone or wood formed into an arch shape
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| Performance requirements | conditions that a structure, once it is build and in operation, must meet to show it is performing to certain standards
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| Internal force | force applied by a part of a structure on another of that same structure
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| Compressions | force that acts to squeeze an object or push parts within an object together
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| Tension | force that stretches and pulls apart and object
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| Shear | force that acts to push parts that are in contact with each other in opposite direction (ex) tearing paper apart
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| Complementary forces | 2 or more forces acting on an object at the same time (ex) bending iron – tension and compression work to bend the iron
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| I – beam | beam that has a cross – section in the shape of an I to reduce the mass but not strength; for (ex) types of a rod
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| Girder: | long structure in the form of a hollow rectangular prism; (also known as a box beam) and plus a box beam – hollow in the centre (end
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| Truss | framework of beams joined together usually in a triangle shape for (ex) the force of an elastic being pulled
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| Cantilever: | structure that is supported at only on end or point; for (ex), as found in a cantilever bridge, such as stoney trail bridge
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| Column: | solid upright support structure in the shape of a cylinder ( a vertical beam)
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| Structure stress: | occurs when external force and internal force act on a structure and gradually weaken it
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| Structure fatigue | permanent change to structure due to internal forces
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| Structure failure | can no longer stand up to stress and collapses
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| tpoic three | topic three
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| Deformation | a change of a shape in any structural component, or in the structure itself because the force is resists the force acting on it
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| Flexibility: | a force of one surface acting across another
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| Joint | where 2 or more parts are connected
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| Fixed joint: | parts connected but won’t move
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| Movable joint | parts connected and have flexibility
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| topic four | topic four
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| Margin of saftey | parts connected and have flexibility
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| Corrugation: | forming material into a wave like shape to strengthen it
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| Lamination: | gluing layers together to strengthen a material
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| Titanium: | a strong light weight, corrosion-resistant slivery metallic element
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Created by:
tweety18
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