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Chapter 2 Sci Voc

Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in each of the black spaces below before clicking on it to display the answer.
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Term
Definition
Energy   The capacity to do work  
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Chemical reaction   The process by which one or more substances change to produce one or more different substances  
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Reactant   A substance or molecule that participates in a chemical reaction  
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Product   A substance that forms in a chemical reaction  
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Metabolism   The sum of all chemical processes that occur in an organism  
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Activation energy   The minimum amount of energy required to start a chemical reaction  
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Catalyst   A substance that changes the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed or changed  
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Enzyme   A type of protein or RNA molecule that speeds up metabolic reactions in organisms without being permanently changed or destroyed  
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Redox reaction   A reaction in which electrons are transferred between atoms; also known as oxidation reduction reaction  
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Oxidation reaction   A chemical reaction in which a reactant loses one or more electrons such that the reactant becomes more positive in charge  
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Reduction reaction   A chemical change in which electrons are gained, either by the removal of oxygen, the addition of hydrogen or the addition of electrons  
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Polar   Describes a molecule with an uneven distribution of electrons  
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Hydrogen bond   The intermolecular force occurring when a hydrogen atom is attracted to negative region of a molecule  
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Cohesion   The force that holds molecules of a single material together  
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Adhesion   The attractive force between two different substances  
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Capillarity   The attraction between molecules that results in the rise of a liquid in small tubes  
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Aqueous solution   A solution in which water is the solvent  
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Hydroxide ion   The OH- ion  
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Hydronium ion   An ion consisting of a proton combined with a molecule of water, H3O+  
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Acid   Any substance that increases the number of hydronium ions when dissolved in water  
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Base   Any compound that increases the number of hydroxide ions, or decreases the number of H3O+ when dissolved in water  
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pH scale   A range of values that are used to express the acidity or alkalinity of a system  
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Buffer   A solution made from a weak acid and its conjugate base that neutralizes small amounts of acids or bases added to it and keeps pH stable  
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Created by: Halie1
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