CCC Pediatric Intracranial Infections
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| Bacterial Meningitis | acute inflammation of the meninges and CSF
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| Prevention of decreased incidences of Bacterial Meningitis. | Hib vaccination
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| Aseptic Meningitis | caused by many different values
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| Most common route of infection for Bacterial Meningitis | vascular dissemination from a focus infection elsewhere
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| Where do infections of bacterial meningitis extend to? | Ventricles; thick pus, fibrin or adhesions may occlude and obstruct CSF
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| Onset of Bacterial Meningitis | abrupt: fever, chills, headache, vomiting followed by alterations in sensorium
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| Diagnostic test for bacterial meningitis | Lumbar puncture and blood culture
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| Therapeutic management of bacterial meningitis | isolations precautions; initiation of antimicrobial therapy; maintain hydration, ventilation; reduction of intracranial pressure; control seizures & temp; manage systemic shock
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| Drug of choice for bacterial meningitis | antibiotic chosen according to sensitivity to bacteria
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| Percent of cases of Bacterial meningitis that are fatal | 15% of cases are fatal
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| Aseptic Bacterial Meningitis onset | abrupt or gradual, s/s appear 1-2 days after onset
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| Encephalitis | inflammatory prcess of CNS caused by organisms (bacteria, spirochetes, fungi, protozoa, helminths, virus)
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| Etiology of encephalitis | direct invasion of the CNS by virus, post infections involvement of CNS after viral disease; most cases associated with childhood viral disease, other cases associated with mosquitoes and ticks
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| Diagnosis of encephalitis | mild to severe; cann resolve spontaneously or be severe (CNS damage; based on clinical findings
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| Reye's Syndrome | toxic encephalopathy associate with other characteristic organ involvement. Develop fever, impaired consciousness, disordered hepatic function
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| Etiology of Reye's syndrome | Not known. may follow a viral illness like the flu or chickenpox; associated with aspirin use during sickness
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| Pathophysiology of Reye's syndrome | cerebral edema and fatty changes to the liver
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| Mortality rate of Reye's syndrome | 40% mortality rate; if a child recovers, it is rapid and complete but may have lasting effects
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| Diagnotic lab for Reye's syndrome | liver biopsy
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| Six stage therapeutic criteria for Reye's syndrome | Stage I: maintain proper glucose level, pH, electrolyte levelsStage II-VI: prevent/decrease cerebral edema, intubate/deliberately hyperventilate; deliberately paralyze child and sedate to minimize anxiey; parateneal dialysis
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