Amendments to know for the AP test.
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| 1st Amendment | Protects the people's right to practice religion, to speak freely, to assemble (meet), to address the government and of the press to publish.
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| 2nd Amendment | Protects the right to own guns. There is debate whether this is a right that protects the state, or a right that protects individuals.
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| 3rd Amendment | Guarantees that the army cannot force homeowners to give them room and board.
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| 4th Amendment | Protects the people from the government improperly taking property, papers, or people, without a valid warrant based on probable cause (good reason).
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| 5th Amendment | They can't be tried twice for the same crime. Can't be forced to testify against yourself Property can't be taken without compensation. It also contains due process guarantees.
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| 6th Amendment | Guarantees a speedy trial, an impartial jury, that the accused can confront witnesses against them, and that the accused must be allowed to have a lawyer.
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| 7th Amendment | Guarantees a jury trial in federal civil court cases. This type of case is normally no longer heard in federal court.
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| 8th Amendment | Guarantees that punishments will be fair, and not cruel, and that extraordinarily large fines will not be set.
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| 9th Amendment | Other rights aside from those listed may exist, and just because they are not listed doesn't mean they can be violated.
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| 10th Amendment | Any power not granted to the federal government belongs to the states or to the people.
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| 13th Amendment | Abolished slavery in the entire United States.
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| 14th Amendment | Ensured that all citizens of all states enjoyed not only rights on the federal level, but on the state level, too. It removed the three-fifths counting of slaves.
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| 15th Amendment | Ensures that race cannot be used as a criteria for voting.
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| 17th Amendment | Shifted the choosing of Senators from the state legislatures to the people of the states.
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| 18th Amendment | Abolished the sale or manufacture of alcohol in the United States. This amendment was later repealed (erased).
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| 19th Amendment | Ensures that gender cannot be used as a criteria for voting.
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| 21st Amendment | Repealed the 18th Amendment.
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| 22nd Amendment | Set a limit on the number of times a President could be elected - two four-year terms.
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| 26th Amendment | Ensures that any person 18 or over may vote.
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| 11th Amendment | Expands the power of both state and federal governments to protect them from lawsuits
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| 12th Amendment | Separated ballots for president and vice president
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| 16th Amendment | Allowed federal income taxes
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| 20th Amendment | Defined commencement for presidential term and set rules for succession
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| 23rd Amendment | Gave Washington DC a presidential vote
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| 24th Amendment | Abolished poll taxes
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| 25th Amendment | Determines what happens in the case of presidential and vice presidential vacancy
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| 27th Amendment | Prevents members of Congress from granting themselves pay raises during the course of a session
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