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Unit 3 Matter and Energy in Ecosystems 6th grade

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Term
Definition
abiotic matter   matter that makes up the nonliving parts of an ecosystem, such as air, water, and rocks  
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atoms   the tiny pieces that all matter—all the stuff in the world—is made of  
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biodome   a closed ecosystem made by humans  
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biotic matter   matter that makes up the living and dead organisms in an ecosystem  
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carbon   a type of atom (a tiny piece) that makes up molecules such as carbon dioxide and energy storage molecules  
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carbon dioxide   a molecule made of carbon and oxygen atoms  
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cellular respiration   the chemical reaction between oxygen and glucose that releases energy into cells  
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chloroplast   the part of a cell where photosynthesis happens  
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connect   to link two or more things  
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consumer   an organism that needs to eat in order to get energy storage molecules (such as starch and fat)  
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decomposer   an organism that gets energy storage molecules (such as glucose) by breaking down dead matter  
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ecosystem   all the living and nonliving things interacting in a particular area  
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energy   the ability to make things move or change  
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energy storage molecule   a molecule that organisms can use to release the energy they need to survive  
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fat   a type of energy storage molecule  
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glucose   a molecule that organisms can use to release energy, and that is made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms  
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glycogen   a type of energy storage molecule  
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input   something that is required for a process  
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mitochondrion   the part of a cell where cellular respiration happens  
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molecule   a group of atoms joined together in a particular way  
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organisms   living things, such as plants, animals, and bacteria  
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output   something that results from a process  
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photosynthesis   the process by which plants and other producers use energy from sunlight to change carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and glucose (an energy storage molecule)  
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producer   an organism that can make its own energy storage molecules (such as glucose)  
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product   an ending substance that is made during a chemical reaction  
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reactant   a starting substance that is part of a chemical reaction  
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starch   a type of energy storage molecule made of many glucose molecules connected together  
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system   a set of interacting parts forming a complex whole  
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carbon cycle   the movement, fixation, and reuse of carbon in the atmosphere, biosphere, lithosphere, and hydrosphere  
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nitrogen cycle   the movement, fixation, and reuse of nitrogen in the atmosphere, biosphere, lithosphere, and hydrosphere  
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crystalline structures (solid)   extended structures with repeating subunits of atoms, such as salt, sugar, sand, snow/ice  
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