Vocabulary for Ecology
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| Ecology | Scientific study of interactions among organisms and between organisms and their environment
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| Autotroph / Producer | An organism that makes its own food, usually through photosynthesis
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| Heterotroph / Consumer | Organisms that must eat other organisms for energy
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| Herbivore | A consumer that eats only plants.
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| Carnivore | A consumer that obtains energy by eating animals
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| Omnivore | A consumer that eats both plants and animals
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| Decomposer | An organism that breaks down the decaying remains of dead organisms. This helps recycle nutrients in an ecosystem.
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| Predator | An organism that hunts and eats other organisms for energy
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| Prey | An organism that is hunted and eaten by another organism
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| Apex predator | A predator who has no natural enemies or animals who eat it.
The animal at the "top" of the food web
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| food web | A drawing that shows which organisms eat and are eaten by one another in a community
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| Species | A group of organisms that are genetically similar enough to reproduce
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| Population | A group of individuals that belong to the same species and live in the same area
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| Community | All the different populations that live together in an area
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| Ecosystem | A biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment. Includes abiotic (non-living) factors.
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| abiotic factors | nonliving parts of an ecosystem, such as precipitation, temperature, and terrain type.
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| Biome | A group of ecosystems with similar climates and organisms.
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| Biosphere | Consists of all life on Earth and all parts of the Earth in which life exists, including land, water, and the atmosphere.
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| Pollution | When humans add substances to the environment that can cause damage.
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| Climate Change | The gradual change in Earth's climate over time due to human activities.
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| Recycling | Reusing and recycling materials
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| Invasive Species | A species of organism that moves from its native ecosystem to a new one, disrupting the new ecosystem
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| Endangered | When the global population of a species has declined to a dangerously low level
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| Extinct | When every member of a species has died
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| Biodiversity | Differences between living things
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| Conservation | Finding ways to protect the ecosystem and the organisms that live in it
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| Trophic Cascade | A chain reaction causing the collapse of the food web in an ecosystem
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| Ecological succession | The order in which living things return to an environment following a large disruption
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Created by:
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Mr. Helfrich
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