care of patients with cardiac problems c37 med
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| types of heart failure | show 🗑
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| show | left ventricle
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| show | hypertensive, coronary artery and valvular disease of mitral or aortic valve.
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| indications of left ventricular failure (LVF) | show 🗑
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| Variations of left-sided heart failure | show 🗑
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| show | heart cannot contract forcefully enough during systole to eject adequate blood into circulation.
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| ejection fraction | show 🗑
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| show | left ventricle cannot relax adequately during diastole.
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| right-sided heart (ventricular) failure causes | show 🗑
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| right-sided heart failure | show 🗑
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| high-output heart failure | show 🗑
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| show | compensatory mechanisms
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| show | sympathetic NS stimulation, Renin-angiotensin system activation, chemical responses, myocardial hypertrophy
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| show | stimulation of sympathetic NS
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| show | the resistance against which the heart must pump
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| show | reduced blood flow to the kidneys, common in low-output states.
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| When endothelial cells are stretched what is secreted? | show 🗑
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| myocardial hypertrophy | show 🗑
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| 75% of the cases of HF are caused by | show 🗑
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| show | structural heart changes.
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| show | hypertension, coronary artery disease, cardiomyopathy, substance abuse, valvular disease, congenital defects, cardiac infections and inflammations, dysrhythmias, diabetes, family history, hyperkinetic conditions (e.g. hyperthyroidism)
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| right sided HF in the absence of left-sided Hf is usually a result of | show 🗑
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| show | irritating, nocturnal and nonproductive. severe HF - expectorating frothy, pink-tinged sputum (sign of pulmonary edema)
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| exertional dyspnea | show 🗑
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| orthopnea | show 🗑
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| show | sudden awakening with feeling of breathlessness 2 to 5 hours after fallin gasleep.
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| show | systolic bp - diastolic bp % systolic BP
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| show | normal; pulmonary artery pressure, respiratory function, respiratory rate, ABGs and pH, oxygen saturation
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| decreased CO expected outcomes | show 🗑
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| show | monitor respiratory rate, rhythm and quality q1-4h. auscultate breath sounds q4-8h, oxygen as ordered, high fowlers (if dyspnea), pillows under each arm. repositioning, cough deep break q2h.
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| mitral valve prolapse | show 🗑
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| aortic stenosis | show 🗑
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| expected outcomes for activity intolerance | show 🗑
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| show | crackles, dyspnea at rest, disorientation, tachycardia, hypertension, hypotension, reduced urinary output, cough with frothy pink tinged sputum, premature ventricular contractions, dysrhthmia, anxiety restlessness, lethargy
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| show | anticoagulant, such as coumadin
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| show | infection of endocardium.
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| pericardial effusion | show 🗑
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| show | excessive fluid within the pericardial cavity, restricting diastolic ventricular filling and CO. symptoms: JVD, paradoxical pulse, decreased CO, muffled heart sounds, circulatory collapse
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| rheumatic carditis is a major indicator of | show 🗑
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| signs of rheumatic fever | show 🗑
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| indications of streptococcal pharyngitis | show 🗑
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| classifications of cardiomyopahty | show 🗑
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| signs of heart transplant rejection | show 🗑
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