nutrition for childbearing c15 ob
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gynecoogic age | number of years since menarche
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heme iron | iron obtained from meat, poultry or fish sources; the form most usable by body
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nonheme iron | iron obtained from plants and fortified foods
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nutrient density | quantity and quality of protein, vitamins and minerals per 100 calories in foods
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bmi calculation | wt in lbs divided by ht in inches squared. multiply by 703
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recommended wt gain during pregnancy | 25 to 35 lbs.
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low prepregnancy wt is associated with? | preterm labor and low birth weight infants
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obesity in pregnancy related to? | gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, neural tube defects, macrosomia, cesarean birth and postpartum complications
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Weight gain recommended for underweight, normal, overweight, obese, twin pregnant mothers? | 28-40 lbs; 25-35 lbs; 15-25 lbs.; 15 lbs; 35-45 lbs.
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Weight gain pattern during pregnancy | 3.5 lbs in first trimester, 0.88 lbs each week thereafter
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Weight gain more important to what subclasses of pregnant women? | african-americans and adolescents, because they tend to have smaller infants even when weight gain similar to whites or older mothers.
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Typical increase in calories throughout preganancy | no change in first trimester; 340 more in 2nd; 452 more in third
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folic acid recommendation for women of childbearing age | 400 mcg
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women whose previous pregnancy resulted with infant with neural tube defect should take in what amount of folic acid | 4 mg during 4 weeks pre-pregnancy and throughtout first trimester, decreases risk of recurrence of neural tube defects by 80%
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folic acid remmendation for pregnant women | 600 mcg
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iron needs during pregnancy | 1000 mg
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nutritional factors effecting southeast asians pregnancy and postpartum | lactose intolerance (inc. dark leafy greens), pregnancy viewed as hot period and needs cold foods, postpartum viewed as cold period and needs hot foods. vitamin D supplements
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nutritional risk factors during pregnancy | socioeconomic status, adolescence, vegetarianism, lactose intolerance, nausea/vomiting, anemia, abnormal prepregnancy weight, eating disorders, cravings/aversions, pica, multiparity and multifetal pregnancy, substance use and abuse, fad diets
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add'l calories required for lactating mother | 500 calories a day for first 6 months, 400 for rest
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How much weight gain would indicate possible edema? | more than 6.5 lbs per month
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What amount of weight gain for pregnancy would indicate inadequate intake | 2.2 lbs. or less
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what food /drinks should be avoided by lactating women? | alcohol, caffeine and foods that seem to cause distress in the infant.
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protein requirements and pregnancy | about 71 g/ day (about 25 g more than prepregnancy)
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reasons for potential toxic effect of fat soluble vitamins | stored in liver. excess consumption may result in toxic effects
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