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nutrition for childbearing c15 ob

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Question
Answer
gynecoogic age   number of years since menarche  
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heme iron   iron obtained from meat, poultry or fish sources; the form most usable by body  
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nonheme iron   iron obtained from plants and fortified foods  
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nutrient density   quantity and quality of protein, vitamins and minerals per 100 calories in foods  
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bmi calculation   wt in lbs divided by ht in inches squared. multiply by 703  
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recommended wt gain during pregnancy   25 to 35 lbs.  
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low prepregnancy wt is associated with?   preterm labor and low birth weight infants  
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obesity in pregnancy related to?   gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, neural tube defects, macrosomia, cesarean birth and postpartum complications  
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Weight gain recommended for underweight, normal, overweight, obese, twin pregnant mothers?   28-40 lbs; 25-35 lbs; 15-25 lbs.; 15 lbs; 35-45 lbs.  
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Weight gain pattern during pregnancy   3.5 lbs in first trimester, 0.88 lbs each week thereafter  
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Weight gain more important to what subclasses of pregnant women?   african-americans and adolescents, because they tend to have smaller infants even when weight gain similar to whites or older mothers.  
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Typical increase in calories throughout preganancy   no change in first trimester; 340 more in 2nd; 452 more in third  
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folic acid recommendation for women of childbearing age   400 mcg  
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women whose previous pregnancy resulted with infant with neural tube defect should take in what amount of folic acid   4 mg during 4 weeks pre-pregnancy and throughtout first trimester, decreases risk of recurrence of neural tube defects by 80%  
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folic acid remmendation for pregnant women   600 mcg  
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iron needs during pregnancy   1000 mg  
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nutritional factors effecting southeast asians pregnancy and postpartum   lactose intolerance (inc. dark leafy greens), pregnancy viewed as hot period and needs cold foods, postpartum viewed as cold period and needs hot foods. vitamin D supplements  
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nutritional risk factors during pregnancy   socioeconomic status, adolescence, vegetarianism, lactose intolerance, nausea/vomiting, anemia, abnormal prepregnancy weight, eating disorders, cravings/aversions, pica, multiparity and multifetal pregnancy, substance use and abuse, fad diets  
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add'l calories required for lactating mother   500 calories a day for first 6 months, 400 for rest  
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How much weight gain would indicate possible edema?   more than 6.5 lbs per month  
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What amount of weight gain for pregnancy would indicate inadequate intake   2.2 lbs. or less  
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what food /drinks should be avoided by lactating women?   alcohol, caffeine and foods that seem to cause distress in the infant.  
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protein requirements and pregnancy   about 71 g/ day (about 25 g more than prepregnancy)  
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reasons for potential toxic effect of fat soluble vitamins   stored in liver. excess consumption may result in toxic effects  
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