Race
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| Race | a group of people who share a set of characteristics- typically, but not always, physical ones- and are said to share a common bloodline
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| Racism | the belief that members of separate races possess different and unequal traits
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| Scientific Racism | 19th Century theories of race that characterize a period of feverish investigation into the origins, explanations, and classifications of race
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| Ontological equality | the philosophical and religious notion that all people are created equal
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| Social Darwinism | the application of darwinan ideas to society-namely, the evolutionary "survival of the fittest"
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| Eugenics | literally meaning "well born" a pseudoscience that posutlates that controlling the fertility of populationas could influence inheritble traits pass on from gen to gen
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| Nativism | the movement to protect and preserve indigenous land or culture from the allegedly dangerous and polluting effect on new immagrants
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| One Drop Rule | the belief that one drop of black blood makes a persone black, a concept that evolved from US laws forbidding miscegenation
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| Miscengation | interational marriage
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| Racialization | the formation of a new racial identity by drawing ideologial boundaries of difference around a formerly unnoticed group of people
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| Ethnicity | one's ethnic quality or affiliation, it is voluntary/self defined/nonhierarchal/fluid and multiple, based on cultural differences, not physical
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| Symobolic Ethnicity | a nationality, not in the sense of carrying the rights and duties of citizenship but of identifying with a past of future nationality. For later generations of white ethnices, something not constrainig but easily expressed, with no risks of stigma and all
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| Straight line Assimilation | Robert Park's 1920's universal and linear model for how immigrants assimilate: they first arrive, then settle in, and achieve full assimilation in a newly homogenous country
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| Primordialism | Clifford Geertz's term to explain the strength of ethnic ties because they are fixed and deeply felt or primordial ties to one's homeland culture
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| Pluralism | the presence and engaged coexistence of numberous distinct groups in one society
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| Segregations | the legal or social practice of separating people on the basis of their race or ethnicity
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| Genocide | the mass killing of a group of people based on racial, ethnic, or religious traits
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| Subaltern | a subordinate group of people
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| Collective Resistance | an organized effort to change a power hierarchy on the part of a less powerfull group in a society
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| Prejudice | thoughts and feelings about an ethnic or racial group, which lead to preconceived notions and negative judgments about the group
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| Discrimination | harmful or negative acts (not mere thoughts) against people deemed inferior on the basis of their racial category, without regard to their individual merit
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| Color Blind Racism | the view that racial inequality is perpetuated by a supposedly color-blind stance that ends up reinfocing historical and contemporary inequities, disparate impact, and institutional bias by ignoring them in favor of a technically neutral approach
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| Institutional Racism | institutions and social dynamics that may seem race neutral but actually disadvantage minority groups
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