Axial and Lateral Resolution
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| What is resolution? | the ability to create accurate image
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| What is axial resolution? | deals with structures that are parallel to the sound beam and details found in an image
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| What are the units of axial resolution? | mm or any unit of distance
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| What is axial resolution related to? | spatial pulse length and pulse duration
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| What is spatial pulse length determined by? | both sound and the medium
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| What does shorter pulses improve? | axial resolution
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| What are synonyms for axial resolution? | longitudinal, range, radial, or depth resolution
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| Is axial resolution adjustable by the sonographer? | No
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| What are the typical values for axial resolution? | 0.1 to 1.0 mm
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| What is the formula of axial resolution? | axial resolution (mm) = spatial pulse length (mm)/2 or
axial resolution (mm) = wavelength (mm) x #cycles in pulse/2
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| What is the formula resolution in soft tissue? | axial resolution (mm) = 0.77 x #cycles in pulse/frequency (MHz)
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| What is axial resolution determined by? | pulse length
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| What 2 ways is a short pulse created? | less ringing and higher frequency
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| What is less ringing? | a pulse is short if there are few cycles in the pulse
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| What is lateral resolution? | identify two structures that are very close, they are side by side or perpendicular
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| What are the units of of lateral resolution? | mm, cm, or any unit of distance
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| What is lateral resolution determined by? | width of the sound beam
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| What are synonyms of lateral resolution? | angular, transverse, or azimuthal resolution
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| Which zone is lateral resolution good with? | focal zone
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| What does lateral resolution equal? | beam diameter (mm)
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| In clinical situation, why is axial resolution is better than lateral resolution? | because ultrasound pulses are shorter than they are wide
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| Between axial and lateral resolution, which numerical value should be less? | axial resolution
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| What does axial resolution improve? | the entire image because shorter pulses are associated with high frequency
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| What does lateral resolution improve? | the far field only because high frequency pulses diverge less in the far field than low frequency pulses
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| What is focusing? | concentrates the sound energy into a narrower beam and improves lateral resolution
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| What is the 3 methods of focusing? | external, internal, and phased array focusing
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| What is external focusing? | with a lens
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| What is internal focusing? | with a curved active element
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| What is phased array focusing? | with the electronics of the ultrasound system
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| What is fixed focusing? | conventional or mechanical focusing, includes both external and internal techniques.
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| What does phased phases array mean? | adjustable or multiple focusing
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| What is frequency-continuous wave determined by? | frequency of electrical signal from ultrasound system
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| What is frequency-pulsed wave determined by? | thickness of ceramic and speed of sound in ceramic
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| What is focal length and beam divergence determined by? | diameter of ceramic and frequency of sound
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| What is lateral resolution determined? | beam width
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Created by:
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