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Introduction

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Term
Definition
Area Studies   Political study for a part of land with similar characteristics instead of studying parts of world with similar variables clustered  
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Behavioral Revolution   1950s-1960s political studies forming theories about political behavior of all countries  
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Causal Relationship   when one variable cause another to change (causing of data)  
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Comparative Method   a way where social scientist study differences among different situations  
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Comparative Politics   study and comparison of countries' laws and government  
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Correlation   noticeable relation between two or more factors (data)  
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Deductive Reasoning   research from a guess which is tested against data  
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Endogeneity   problem which cause and effect not generally clear which variables may be both cause and effect.  
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Equality   shared material standard of people within a community, society, or country  
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Formal Institutions   organization based on formal, approved, logical rules  
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Fragile States Index   yearly review of 178 countries measuring social, economic, and political pressures.  
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Freedom   ability to act unrestrained without fear of limits because of state or others (different people/government).  
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Game Theory   a way highlighting how actors or organizations behave in their goal to influence others; built upon empirical and normative statements  
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Human Development Index   Developmental measures used by the United Nations that studies literacy rates, GDP per capital, and life expectancy.  
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Inductive Reasoning   studies that operates from subject reports in order to generate a guess  
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Informal Institutions   organizations with unwritten and unofficial rules  
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Institution   organization or activity that self-conserving and valued for its own sake  
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International Relations   political science that centralize on relations between countries, such as foreign policy, war, trade, and foreign aid  
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Modernization Theory   as societies developed, they would take on a set of common characteristics, including democracy, and capitalism  
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Multicausality   variables are interconnected and interact together to produce particular outcomes  
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Politics   struggle in any group for power that will give one or more persons the ability to make decisions for the larger group  
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Power   ability to influence others or impose one’s will on them  
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Qualitative Method   in-depth investigation of a limited number of cases  
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Quantitative Method   statistical data from many cases  
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Rational Choice   assuming that individuals weigh the costs and benefits to make choices maximizing benefits  
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Selection Bias   focus on effects rather than causes which can lead to inaccurate conclusions about correlation or causation  
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Theory   united set of hypotheses, assumptions, and facts  
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Transparency International from   Berlin, Germany  
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Transparency International goal   organization leading the fight against corruption  
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Corruption (Transparency International definition)   abuse of entrusted power for private gain eventually hurting everyone who depends on the cooperation of people in rule.  
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Transparency International creates   “Corruption Perception Index”  
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Created by: Kamil C.
Popular AP Comparative Gov. sets