Mercy pharm - Brady(6th ed.) ch 1
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| Pharmacology | The study of drugs and their actions on the body
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| Pharmacologist | Scientists who study the effects of drugs on the body
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| Plant drug souce | Morphine, Heroin, Codeine, Atropine, Digoxin
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| Animal drug source | Insulin, Oxytocin
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| Mineral drug source | NaHCO3, CaCl, MgSO4
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| Synthetic drug source | lidocaine, Diazepam, Human insulin
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| Black box window | FDA regulated label that informs users of the potential problems with drug that may lead to death or to serious injury
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| Medical director | The individual physician who assumes the medical oversight role of EMS providers
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| Direct medical control | Online medical control, medical orders given over the telephone or radio
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| Indirect medical control | Standing orders, protocols.
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| Schedule I | No recognized medical use, High abuse potential. Research use only
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| Schedule II | Written prescription required. No telephone renewals, In an emergency, a prescription may be poned in
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| Schedule III | Written prescriptions required to be re-written after 6 months or five refils. Scripts may be ordered via phone
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| Schedule IV | Prescriptions required to be rewritten after 6 months or five refills
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| Schedule V | Dispenses as any (nonnarcotic) prescription. Some may be dispensed with out a prescription unless additional state regulations apply.
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| Drug profile | names; classificarion, mechanism of action, indications, pharmacokinetics, side effects, routes of administration, contraindications, dosage, how supplied, special considerations
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| Drug forms | Tincture, suspesion, spirit, emulsion, elixirs(tonic), syrups
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| Solution | preperations that contain the drug diluted in a solvent, usually water.
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| Tincture | preparations whereby the drug was extracted chemically with alcohol
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| Suspension | drugs that do not remain dissolved, drugs tend to separate and need to be shaken before every use
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| Spirits | drug solutions containing volatile chemicals dissolved in alcohol
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| Emulsions | drug preparations in which an oily substance is mixed with a solvent into which it does nto dissolve.
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| Elixirs (tonics) | Drug preparations that contain alcohol solvent. often flavored with cherry
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| Syups | Drugs often suspended in sugar and water to improve the taste
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| Parenterall drugs | drugs administered through IM, IV, SQ
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| Pills | Drugs that are shaped into a form that makes them easy to swallow
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| Powders | Drugs in powder form
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| Capsules | Gelatin containers into which powders is placed
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| Tablets | Similiar to pills but are often coated with sugar like substance to inprove flavor
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| Suppositories | Drugs administered recatally or vaginally
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| Inhalants | Powdered or liquid forms of a drug that are given using the respiratory route and are absorbed rapidly by the rich supply of capillaries in the lungs
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| Antagonism | opposition between 2 or more medications
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| Bolus | a single, often times a large dose of medication
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| Contraindication | Medical or physiological conditions present in a patient that would make it harmful to administer a medication of otherwise known theraputic value
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| Cumulative action | an added effect occurs when is administered in several doses, causing an increased effect. This increased effect usually due to a quantitative build up of the drug in the blood
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| Depressant | A medication that decreases or lessens a body function or activity
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| Habituation | A physical or psycological dependance on a drug
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| Hypersensitivity | A eraction to a substance that is normally moreprofound than seen in a population not sensitive to the substance
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| Idiosyncrasy | An indivual reaction toa drug that is usually different from that seen in the general public
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| Indication | A medical condition or conditions in which the drug has proven to be of theraputic value
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| Potentiation | the enhancement of ones drug's effect by another
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| Refractory | Patients or conditions that do not respond to a drug are said to be this...
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| Side effects | unavoidable, undesired effects frequently seen even in theraputic doses
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| Stimulant | A drug that enhances or increases a bodily function. ie cofee
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| Synergism | The combined action of 2 drugs, the action is much stronger than the effects of either drug administered seperately
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| Theraputic action | Desired intended action of a drug given in appropriate medical condition
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| Tolerance | When patients are recieving drugs on a long term basis, they may require larger and larger doses of the drug to achieve a theraputic effect
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| Untoward effect | a side effect that is proves harmful to the patient
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| Assay | A test that determines the amount of putiry of a given chemical in a preperation in the laboratory
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| Bioassay | Test to ascertain a drug's availability in a biological model
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| Bioequivalence | Relative theraputic effectiveness of chemically equivalent drugs
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| Controlled drug | Federal, state, and local laws control the use of a drug that may lead to drug abuse or drug dependance
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| Drug | Any substance that is introduced into the body that changes a body function
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| Enteral | Administration of a drug via the gastrointestinal tract
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