7-6 JMS Heredity chapter 11 CPO
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Purebred | A condition when the paired genes for a trait are the same.
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| Hybrid | A condition in which the paired genes for a trait are different.
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| Dominant allele | The form of the gene that, when present, covers up the appearance of the recessive allele.
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| Recessive allele | The form of a gene that is hidden when the dominant allele is present.
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| Phenotype | The form of the trait that an organism displays.
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| Genotype | The alleles of a gene an organism contains.
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| Gene | A unit that determines traits.
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| Genetics | The study of heredity.
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| Alleles | Different forms of a gene
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| Heredity | A set of traits an organism receives from its parents
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| Punnett Square | Shows all of the possible combinations of alleles from the parents
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| True-breeding plant | Will always produce offspring with the same form of a trait when it self-plollinates
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| Cross-pollination | When the pollen from one plant is used to fertilize another plant
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| Trait | A characteristic that an organism can pass on to its offspring
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| Probability | The mathematical chance that an event will occur
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| Incomplete dominance | When the phenotype of the two alleles blends
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| Codominance | When an organism that has both alleles of a gene displays both phenotypes at the same time.
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| Polygenetics | Traits that are determined by more than one gene.
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| Homozygous dominant | A condition in which the paired genes are the same case represented by upper case letters
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| Heterozygous | A condition in which the paired genes for a trait are different;often referred to as hybrid
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| Homozygous recessive | A condition in which the paired genes are the same represented by lower case letters
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| DNA replication | The process of a DNA molecule making a copy of itself
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| Base sequence | The order of base pairs along a gene
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| Adenine pairs with | Thymine
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| Guanine pairs with | Cytosine
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| Protein synthesis | The production of proteins in the cell
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| Messenger RNA (mRNA) | Carries the three-letter codes from the DNA in the nucleus to the ribosome
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| Transfer RNA (tRNA) | Decodes the base sequence and carries the correct amino acids to the ribosome.
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| Protein | A chain of amino acids
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| Base codes of mRNA | Uracil, cytosine, guanine, adenine
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| Mutation | A change in the hereditary material of an organism
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| Genetic disorder | An abnormal condition that an organism inherits
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| Selective breeding | The process of selecting organisms with desired traits to serve as parents for the next generation
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| Genetic engineering | The process of transferring genes from one organism into the DNA of another organism
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| DNA Fingerprinting | The process of producing an image of patterns from someone's DNA
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| Genome | The total amount of hereditary material in a single cell of an organism
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| mitochondrial DNA | DNA that is found in the mitochondria. Inherited only from the mother.
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